| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究外源性肉碱对鲤鱼幼鱼生长性能、背肌生化组成及血浆生化指标的影响，为水产饲料中肉碱的添加提供理论依据。【方法】在基础饲料中分别添加0（对照组），50，100，150，200和400 mg/kg L-肉碱组成试验饲料，饲喂平均体质量(2.5±0.5) g/尾的鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)幼鱼60 d，试验结束后取样，测定增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数、成活率、背肌生化组成及血浆甘油三酯、总胆固醇、白蛋白、尿素氮等指标。【结果】L-肉碱的添加量为200 mg/kg时，鲤鱼幼鱼的试验末体质量、增重率和特定生长率显著提高，饲料系数显著降低(P＜0.05)，成活率与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05)。随着L-肉碱添加量的增大，背肌粗蛋白含量总体呈增加趋势，粗脂肪含量呈下降趋势，当L-肉碱添加量为200 mg/kg时，与对照组相比，粗蛋白含量增加了11.18%，粗脂肪含量降低了12.65%，差异均达显著水平(P＜0.05)，但其与添加400 mg/kg L-肉碱试验组相比，二者粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P＞0.05)。饲料中添加L-肉碱可显著降低血浆中总胆固醇和甘油三酯质量浓度，当L-肉碱添加量为150 mg/kg时，总胆固醇质量浓度最低，与对照组相比降低了36.08%，差异显著(P＜0.05)；添加50 mg/kg L-肉碱时，与对照组比较，甘油三酯质量浓度下降了50.28%，差异显著(P＜0.05)。添加L-肉碱后，鲤鱼幼鱼血浆中尿素氮浓度显著下降，白蛋白质量浓度显著增加(P＜0.05)，当L-肉碱添加量为200 mg/kg时，尿素氮浓度最低，白蛋白质量浓度最高，分别为13.49 mmol/L和9.12 g/L，与对照组相比较分别下降了17.49%和增加了32.56%，差异均达显著水平(P＜0.05)。【结论】本试验条件下，外源L-肉碱可促进鲤鱼幼鱼生长，降低背肌中粗脂肪含量及血浆中尿素氮浓度，增加背肌中粗蛋白含量及血浆中白蛋白质量浓度，其中添加200 mg/kg L-肉碱效果最好。 |
| 关键词: L-肉碱 鲤鱼幼鱼 生长性能 生化组成 血浆生化指标 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（30671621，31302149）；沈阳农业大学青年教师科研基金项目（20111015）；吉林省发改委产业技术研究与开发项目；东北老工业基地外贸发展项目 |
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| Effects of exogenous carnitine on growth performance and biochemical indexes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juvenile |
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DONG Jing,LI Lin,YU Ye-hui,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Effects of exogenous carnitine on growth performance,body composition and plasma biochemical indexes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juvenile were studied to provide theoretical basis for adding exogenous carnitine in aquatic feed.【Method】Six basal diets with L-carnitine concentrations of 0 (control group),50,100,150,200,and 400 mg/kg were fed to common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles with initially weighting of (2.5±0.5) g for sixty days.At the end of the feeding trial,growth rate,specific growth rate (SGR),feed conversion ratio (FCR),survival,muscle composition,triglyceride(TG),cholesterol (CHO),albumin,and urea nitrogen(BUN) were determined.【Result】When feeding 200 mg/kg L-carnitine,growth rate and SGR of common carp juveniles were significantly improved,FCR was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found in survival rate (P＞0.05).With the increase of dietary L-carnitine amount,lipid content in dorsal muscle decreased significantly (P＜0.05) whereas protein content increased significantly (P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,lipid content decreased by 12.65% and protein content increased by 11.18% when feeding 200 mg/kg L-carnitine (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference when adding 400 mg/kg L-carnitine (P＞0.05).CHO was decreased by 36.08% when feeding 150 mg/kg L-carnitine and TG was decreased by 50.28% when feeding 50 mg/kg L-carnitine (P＜0.05).When feeding 200 mg/kg L-carnitine,BUN was significantly decreased by 17.49% with the lowest value of 13.49 mmol/L while albumin was significantly increased by 32.56% with the highest value of 9.12 g/L(P＜0.05).【Conclusion】In this experiment,adding L-carnitine promoted the growth of common carp juvenile,reduced lipid in dorsal muscle and plasma and BUN in plasma,and increased CP in dorsal muscle and albumin in plasma.The optimal dose of exogenous L-carnitine was 200 mg/kg for common carp juvenile. |
| Key words: L-carnitine common carp juvenile growth performance body composition plasma biochemical indexes |
