| 摘要: |
| 【目的】考察多糖复合酶、中性蛋白酶、果胶酶、淀粉酶对低等级烟叶细胞壁物质的降解效果，以提高低等级烟叶的品质和利用价值。【方法】以亳州X3L下部烟叶为研究对象，经多糖复合酶、中性蛋白酶、果胶酶、淀粉酶处理后，通过感官评定试验及细胞壁物质含量变化确定对感官品质改良效果最优的酶类；结合实际生产工艺和正交试验得到复配酶解低等级烟叶的工艺条件；并通过扫描电镜试验、热失重试验及GC-MS测定烟叶中中性致香成分含量的变化，考察酶解处理对烟叶性质的影响。【结果】多糖复合酶和中性蛋白酶对低等级烟叶细胞壁物质降解效果适中；复配酶解低等级烟叶的最佳工艺条件为：多糖复合酶用量490 U/g，蛋白酶用量208 U/g，酶解时间4 h；经过酶处理后的烟叶表面结构发生了一定程度的变化，表面褶皱减少；酶处理对烟叶燃烧性质没有较大影响；酶处理提高了低等级烟叶中的中性致香成分含量。【结论】多糖复合酶与蛋白酶复配处理提高了低等级烟叶的品质，其处理工艺可应用于工业生产。 |
| 关键词: 酶解 烟叶 细胞壁物质 品质改良 |
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| 基金项目:国家烟草专卖局资助项目“卷烟烟气味觉特征及调控研究”（110200901002） |
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| Enzymatic degradation of cell wall substances to improve quality of low grade tobacco |
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SUN Wei-feng,ZHOU Zhi-lei,YIN Chun-yan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Enzymatic degradation of tobacco cell wall substances with viscozyme,protease,pectinase,and amylase was investigated to improve the sensory and usability quality of low-grade tobacco.【Method】In this experiment,Bozhou X3L lower tobacco leaves were treated with viscozyme,protease,pectinase,and amylase,and the best enzyme was chosen based on sensory evaluation and degradation rate.The technology parameters for degradation with viscozyme and protease were optimized using the orthogonal experiment design combined with practical production processes.Meanwhile,the effects of enzyme treatment on tobacco surface property and the content of neutral volatiles were also investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM),thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) and GC-MS.【Result】Viscozyme and protease had the best degradation effects on tobacco cell wall substances.The optimal processing conditions were:Viscozyme dosage 490 U/g,protease dosage 208 U/g,and reaction time 4 h.Tobacco leaf surface wrinkle decreased and the content of neutral volatiles rose after enzymolysis.The combustion properties were not significantly changed during enzymatic processes.【Conclusion】Viscozyme and protease could be used in tobacco industry for improving quality of low-grade tobacco. |
| Key words: enzymatic degradation tobacco cell wall substances quality |
