| 摘要: |
| 从20个随机引物中筛选出4个具有多型性片段的引物，分析了陕西省境内5个山羊品种(陕南白山羊、莎能奶山羊、关中奶山羊、安哥拉山羊、波尔山羊)的遗传变异及遗传关系，共产生16个稳定的RAPD标记。结果表明，陕南白山羊、关中奶山羊、波尔山羊的遗传变异较高，遗传纯度低，而莎能奶山羊与安哥拉山羊遗传纯度更高；同时也表明山羊群体的遗传变异主要分布于品种之间，品种内所占比例很少。2种遗传距离计算法(Nei氏遗传距离指数，“clust”软件包)所得结果均表明，莎能羊品种较远；根据这2种遗传距离所作的3种聚类图(NJ、UPG-MA聚类图及“clust”聚类图)均揭示了陕南白山羊、关中奶山羊、莎能奶山羊的亲缘关系更近，聚为一支，波尔山羊与安哥拉山羊聚为另一支。 |
| 关键词: 山羊 RAPD 遗传变异 遗传关系 |
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| 基金项目:教育部回国人员专项基金(1999年) |
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| Study on the genetic background of five goat breeds in Shaanxi Province using RAPD |
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| Abstract: |
| The study investigated the genetic variability and genetic relationshipsof five goat breeds in Shaanxiprovince (Shaannan white goat,Sannondairygoat,Guanzhong dairy goat,Angoragoat,Boergoat) using 4arbitraryprimers.The 4 primers were screened from 20 one sand founded 16 RAPD marker sinthe study. Results showed that the genetic variability of Shaannan white goat,Guanzhong dairy goat,Boergoat washigher,and their genetic purity was lower;butthe genetic purity of Sannon dairy goat and Angoragoat was higher.On the other hand,the study showed the genetic variability of goat mainly distri but edamong breeds,but not inbreed.The results of two genetic distance method (Neips’m ethod and“clust”Microsoft program) all show ed:the genetic distance betw een Sannon dairy goat and Guanzhong dairy goat was the closest,but the distances between Angora goat and other breeds or Boer goat and other breeds were higher.Basedon the mean genetic distance coefficients from Neips’method and“clust”software,the cluster treeswereconstructedbyUPGMA andNJmethodsusingPHYLIPMicrosoftprogram andbyUPGMA method using“clust”software.And the cluster trees all showed that Shaannan white goat,Guanzhong dairy goat and Sannon dairy goat were grouped together,but Boer goat and Angora goat were grouped togetter. |
| Key words: goat RAPD genetic variability genetic relationship |
