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| 宁夏六盘山地区露地娃娃菜品种综合评价 |
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张倩男1,2, 王克雄1,2, 张晓娟1,2, 吴利晓1,2, 曹少娜1,2, 关耀兵1,2, 杨娇1,2
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1.宁夏农林科学院 固原分院，宁夏 固原 756000;2.宁夏旱作农业工程技术研究中心，宁夏 固原 756000
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同娃娃菜品种在宁夏六盘山地区露地种植的生长表现，并进行综合评价，以筛选适宜宁夏六盘山区露地栽培的娃娃菜品种。【方法】以当地主栽娃娃菜品种华耐金皇后为对照，对23个不同来源的娃娃菜品种开展区域试验，分别调查其表型性状、产量、品质及抗病性，并基于相关性分析与熵权TOPSIS法对参试娃娃菜品 种进行综合评价。【结果】参试娃娃菜品种株型直立或半直立，叶球形状以炮弹型和短筒型为主；叶球抱合类型以叠 抱和合抱为主；叶球内叶大部分为黄色或浅黄色，叶球质量为0.73-1.74 kg，单株总质量 1.30-2.62 kg，生物产量86.45-174.68 t/hm2 ，经济产量58.28-116.01 t/hm2 ，平均粗纤维含量为8.83 g/kg，平均Vc含量为0.3 g/kg，平均可溶性糖含量为15.87 g/kg，平均脂肪含量为0.6 g/kg，平均水分含量为941.67 g/kg，平均蛋白质含量为16.38 g/kg，平均干物质含量为58.33 g/kg，整体具有高水分、低热量、富含维生素且粗纤维少的营养特点。金娃2号、金品、京春娃4号、京春娃3号、京箭65、吉红等6个品种对干烧心与软腐病均表现高抗。娃娃菜的中肋长、短缩茎高、粗纤维含量、可 溶性糖含量、脂肪含量、蛋白质含量等性状存在丰富变异，可作为区分品种特性的关键性状；生物产量与经济产量可通 过外叶数、单株质量、叶球质量、株高、中肋宽及叶球横径等形态指标进行预测；粗纤维含量、可溶性糖含量与中肋和叶 球结构密切相关。福将、京春娃3号、京箭65、京春娃4号、金典、金品、华耐金珑黄、吉红、金娃2号、尚金、金小童、盛世等12个品种相对接近度较对照高，排名优于对照。【结论】结合表型性状、丰产性、抗病性及营养品质，筛选出适宜在宁夏六盘山冷凉区露地种植的娃娃菜品种为福将。 |
| 关键词: 娃娃菜 露地栽培 品种综合评价 宁夏六盘山 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2027. 01. 003 |
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| 基金项目:宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作项目“结球叶菜新优品种引进及配套栽培技术研究示范”（DW-X-2023003）；宁夏自然科学基金项目“外源钙缓解娃娃菜盐胁迫的生理机制研究”（2024AAC03391）；国家省部联动“十四五”重点研发计划项目“西吉县冷凉蔬菜产业绿色高效关键技术集成与示范”（2022YFD1100504）；宁夏科技基础条件建设专项“宁夏农业种质资源库基础条件建设”（2022DPC05001） |
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| Comprehensive evaluation of open⁃field baby cabbage varieties in Liupan Mountain area of Ningxia |
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Zhang Qiannan1,2, Wang Kexiong1,2, Zhang Xiaojuan1,2, Wu Lixiao1,2, Cao Shaona1,2, Guan Yaobing1,2, Yang Jiao1,2
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1.Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Guyuan，Ningxia 756000，China;2.Ningxia Engineering Research Center for Dryland Agriculture，Guyuan，Ningxia 756000，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aims to investigate the growth performance of different baby cabbage varieties under open-field cultivation in the Liupan Mountain area of Ningxia and conduct a comprehensive evaluation，thereby screening suitable varieties for this region.【Method】Using the local leading variety“ Huanaijinhuanghou” as the control，regional trials were conducted on 23 baby cabbage varieties from different sources. Their phenotypic traits，yield，quality，and disease resistance were investigated，and a comprehensive evaluation was performed based on correlation analysis and the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method.【Result】The tested varieties exhibited erect or semi-erect plant architecture. Leaf heads were predominantly shell-shaped or short-cylindrical，with overlapping and closing clamping types.Most inner leaves were yellow or light yellow，with head weights ranging from 0.73-1.74 kg and total plant weights from 1.30-2.62 kg. Biological yield ranged from 86.45 to 174.68 t/hm2，and economic yield from 58.28 to 116.01 t/hm2.The average contents were 8.83 g/kg for crude fiber，0.3 g/kg for vitamin C，15.87 g/kg for soluble sugar，0.6 g/kg for fat，941.67 g/kg for moisture，16.38 g/kg for protein，and 58.33 g/kg for dry matter.Overall，these varieties exhibited nutritional characteristics of high moisture，low calories，rich vitamins，and low crude fiber. The six cultivars，Jinwa 2，Jinpin，Jingchunwa 4，Jingchunwa 3，Jingjian 65，and Jihong，demonstrated high resistance to both tipburn and soft rot diseases. Significant variations were observed in traits including midrib length，shortened stem height，and contents of crude fiber，soluble sugar，fat，and protein，which can serve as key traits to identify cultivar characte-ristics.Biological yield and economic yield can be predicted using morphological indicators，including outer leaf number，total plant weight，head weight，plant height，midrib width，and head transverse diameter. Crude fiber and soluble sugar contents are closely related to midrib and head structure. Twelve cultivars，namely Fujiang， Jingchunwa 3，Jingjian 65，Jingchunwa 4，Jindian，Jinpin，Huanajinlonghuang，Jihong，Jinwa 2，Shangjin，Jinxiao?tong，and Shengshi，exhibited higher relative closeness and better rankings than the control.【Conclusion】Based on phenotypic traits，yield performance，disease resistance，and nutritional quality，Fujiang was selected as the suitable baby cabbage cultivar for open-field cultivation in the cool Liupan Mountain area of Ningxia. |
| Key words: baby cabbage open-field cultivation comprehensive variety evaluation Liupan Mountain of Ningxia |
