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| 海南14年生柚木无性系生长和形质性状的综合评价 |
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焦润洁1,2, 王先棒1, 梁坤南1, 周文龙1, 周再知1, 韩强1, 陈飞飞3, 何汶椿1, 秦雅琪1, 黄桂华1
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1.中国林业科学研究院 热带林业研究所，广东 广州 510520;2.南京林业大学 风景园林学院，江苏 南京 210037;3.海南省林业科学研究院，海南 海口 751100
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| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】对海南柚木无性系进行生长和形质性状评价，从中筛选出优良无性系，为柚木良种的繁育与推广提供参考。【 方法】以海南定安14年生25个柚木无性系测定林为研究对象，测定保存率、生长性状（树高、胸径、单株材积）和形质性状（主干材高、干材位置、通直度、分枝模式、主干分枝），进行方差分析、遗传参数估算和相关性分析，基于主成分分析开展柚木无性系综合评价。【 结果】参试25个柚木无性系间生长性状和形质性状具有明显差异，保存率为47.22%~97.22%，树高为8.54~12.46 m，胸径为10.67~17.47 cm，单株材积为0.05~0.17 m3，主干材高为3.94~7.85 m。各性状表型变异系数为18.00%~52.89%，重复力为0.46~0.94。生长性状间、生长性状与形质性状、形质性状间具有不同程度的遗传与表型相关性。基于主成分分析，以15%的入选率，多性状综合评分筛选出4个优良无性系，分别为7514、7219、3078-5和7122。入选无性系单株材积遗传增益平均为42.24%，胸径遗传增益平均为15.43%，树高遗传增益平均为8.98%。【 结论】柚木无性系间生长性状和形质性状存在丰富的遗传变异，筛选出了4个兼具生长和干形较优良的无性系，在海南定安地区具有良好的适应性，可在海南地区推广应用。 |
| 关键词: 柚木无性系 生长性状 形质性状 多性状选育 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 10. 006 |
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| 基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFD2200102） |
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| Comprehensive evaluation of growth and morphological traits of 14⁃year⁃old Tectona grandis clones in Hainan |
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JIAO Runjie1,2, WANG Xianbang1, LIANG Kunnan1, ZHOU Wenlong1, ZHOU Zaizhi1, HAN Qiang1, CHEN Feifei3, HE Wenchun1, QIN Yaqi1, HUANG Guihua1
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1.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry，Chinese Academy of Forestry，Guangzhou，Guangdong 510520，China;2.College of Landscape Architecture，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing，Jiangsu 210037，China;3.Hainan Academy of Forestry，Haikou，Hainan 751100，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This research aims to evaluate the growth and morphological traits of teak（Tectona grandis） clones in Hainan and to select superior clones，to provide a reference for the breeding and promotion of improved teak varieties.【Method】This study was conducted on a clonal test plantation of 14-year-old teak （Tectona grandis） in Ding’an，Hainan，comprising 25 clones. The survival rate，growth traits（height，DBH，volume） and morphological traits（clear bole height，bole position，straightness，mode of branching，and main stem branching） were measured，followed by analysis of variance，estimation of genetic parameters，and correlation analysis.A comprehensive evaluation of the teak clones was performed based on principal component analysis.【Result】Significant differences were observed in growth and morphological traits among the 25 teak‐clones tested. The survival rate ranged from 47.22% to 97.22%，tree heights from 8.54?12.46 m，diameter at breast heights from 10.67?17.47 cm，timber volume from 0.05?0.17 m3，and clear bole heights from 3.94?7.85 m. The phenotypic coefficient of variation（PCV） of the traits ranged from 18.00% to 52.89%，and the re‐peatability ranged from 0.46 to 0.94. Genetic and phenotypic correlations of varying degrees were found among growth traits，between growth traits and morphological traits，and among morphological traits. Based on princi‐pal component analysis and a threshold rate of 15%，four superior clones 7514，7219，3078-5，and 7122 were identified through multi-trait comprehensive evaluation. The selected clones showed an average genetic gain of 42.24% for volume，15.43% for DBH，and 8.98% for height.【 Conclusion】 Substantial genetic variation was observed in growth and morphological traits among the teak（Tectona grandis） clones. Four clones with supe‐rior growth performance and stem form were selected， showing good adaptability in the Ding’an region of Hainan，and were suitable for promotion and application in Hainan. |
| Key words: teak clones growth traits morphological traits multi-trait breeding |
