| 摘要: |
| 【 目的】探究不同间伐强度对林下植物多样性和土壤性质的动态影响，为森林的有效管理以及森林生 物多样性保护提供科学依据。【 方法】在秦岭次生林群落中设置 5 种间伐强度（未间伐、15%间伐强度、30%间伐强 度、45%间伐强度和60%间伐强度），比较间伐前后3个时期（间伐前、间伐4年后和8年后）不同间伐强度下林下植物 多样性和土壤性质的动态变化，并分析了植物多样性与土壤性质的相关性。【 结果】①不同间伐强度下，灌木层和草 本层的物种丰富度在间伐4年后总体达到最大值；相较于其他间伐处理，60%间伐强度处理间伐后的物种丰富度增幅 较间伐前大。与间伐前相比，间伐4和8年后秦岭次生林林下灌木层和草本层的优势物种发生了明显变化。②除间伐8年后草本的Margalef丰富度指数外，3个时期不同间伐强度之间灌木和草本的4个多样性指标（Margalef丰富度指数、 Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数）均无显著差异（P>0. 05）。③在0~20 cm土层， 土壤有机碳、总氮、总磷、速效氮和速效磷含量在间伐 4 年后总体下降，在间伐8年后总体上升。④草本Margalef丰富度 指数、Simpson优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均与土壤C∶N呈显著或极显著正相关。【 结论】间伐后短期 内（间伐4年后）林下植物种类数量有所提高，对植物多样性有正向影响；而间伐8年后，植物种类数量虽有所下降，但土壤养分有所恢复。其中60%间伐强度对林下植物种类数量的提高以及土壤养分恢复的影响更加明显。 |
| 关键词: 间伐强度 林下植物多样性 土壤化学计量比 秦岭次生林 |
| DOI：10. 13207/j. jnwafu. 2026. 07. 005 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32271861）；陕西林业科技创新重点专项（SXLK2023-02-2）；陕西秦岭北麓主体山水林田湖草沙一 体化保护和修复工程项目（2203-610100-04-05-321562） |
|
| Dynamic effects of thinning intensities on understory vegetation diversity and soil properties |
|
WANG Junzhe1, CHEN Wenju1, LIU Lanxin2, WANG Yanqiu1, ZHI Yuchao11, WANG Dexiang1
|
|
1.College of Forestry，Northwest A&F University，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100，China;2.Ganzhou Forestry Bureau，Ganzhou，Jiangxi 341000，China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【 Objective】This research aims to investigate the dynamic effects of different thinning intensities on understory vegetation diversity and soil properties，to provide a scientific basis for the effective management of forests and the conservation of forest biodiversity.【Method】In this study，five thinning intensities（no thin?ning，thinning intensity of 15%，30%，45% and 60%） were conducted in secondary forest communities in the Qinling Mountains to observe the dynamic changes in understory vegetation diversity and soil properties at three thinning periods（before thinning，4 years after thinning，and 8 years after thinning），and to analyze the correla? tion between understory vegetation diversity and soil properties.【Result】① Under different thinning intensities，the highest species richness of the shrub layer and herb layer was observed 4 years after thinning. Compared with other thinning treatments，the 60% thinning treatment showed the highest increment in species richness after thinning. The dominant species in the shrub and herb layers of the Qinling secondary forest changed significantly 4 and 8 years after thinning，compared with those before thinning. ② Except for the Margalef richness index of
herb plants 8 years after thinning，there were no significant differences in the four diversity indices（Margalef richness index，Simpson dominance index，Shannon-Wiener diversity index，and Pielou evenness index） of shrub and plant plants among different thinning intensities at three thinning periods（P>0. 05）. ③ In the 0?20 cm soil layer，soil organic carbon，total nitrogen，total phosphorus，available nitrogen，and available phosphorus content generally decreased 4 years after thinning and generally increased 8 years after thinning. ④ The Margalef richness index，Simpson dominance index，and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of herb plants were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with soil C∶N.【Conclusion】In the short term after thinning（4 years after thinning），the number of understory vegetation species increased，indicating a positive impact on vegetation diversity. However，a recovery in soil nutrient level was observed 8 years after thinning，although the number of vegetation species decreased，with the 60% thinning intensity showing a more pronounced effect on in?creasing the number of understory vegetation species and restoring soil nutrients. |
| Key words: thinning intensity understory vegetation diversity soil stoichiometric ratio secondary forests of Qinling Mountains |
