| 摘要: |
| 【目的】评价不同八仙花品种（种）对重金属镉（Cd）的富集能力及其对Cd污染土壤的修复潜力，为Cd污染土壤潜在优质修复植物的选择提供参考。【方法】采用土培试验，以不加Cd处理为对照，观察‘柠檬汁’、‘流星紫’、‘纱织小姐’、‘蓝色恋人’、‘初霜’、‘贵族红’、‘月光’、‘蓝色小夜曲’、‘摇滚乐’、‘粉晶’、‘甜心蓝’、‘粉冠’、‘银边绣球’、莼兰绣球（野生种）、‘无尽夏’等15个八仙花品种（种）在250 mg/kg Cd胁迫60 d后的生长表现，测定生长指标（株高、根长、干质量）、生理指标（叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性）及植株和土壤的Cd含量，计算植株地上部和地下部Cd积累量、Cd富集系数（BCF）和转运系数（TF），分析各八仙花品种（种）生长、生理及Cd富集转运能力的差异，并通过主成分分析、隶属函数法和聚类分析综合评价不同八仙花品种（种）对Cd胁迫的响应能力。【结果】在250 mg/kg Cd胁迫下，‘柠檬汁’、‘蓝色小夜曲’、‘贵族红’、‘摇滚乐’、‘粉晶’在胁迫处理初期就已出现Cd毒害症状，为Cd敏感型品种；其余10个品种（种）生长良好，且与各自CK相比，大部分品种的株高、根长、总干质量均未受到Cd毒害的明显影响，其中‘月光’根长、总干质量甚至显著增加。与各自CK相比，250 mg/kg Cd胁迫处理下‘月光’光合色素、MDA、可溶性糖含量及SOD、POD活性等生理指标显著增大；‘蓝色恋人’、‘初霜’、‘甜心蓝’的SOD、POD活性及‘流星紫’的CAT活性有显著增强；可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量的变化因品种（种）而异，各品种（种）的脯氨酸含量与其CK相比均无显著差异。隶属函数、聚类分析结果表明，10个八仙花品种（种）的耐Cd性排序依次为‘月光’>‘蓝色恋人’>‘纱织小姐’>‘初霜’>‘流星紫’>‘甜心蓝’>‘无尽夏’>‘银边绣球’>‘粉冠’> 莼兰绣球，其中‘月光’为高耐Cd型品种。在250 mg/kg Cd胁迫下，15个八仙花品种（种）地上部和地下部的Cd积累量分别为1.60～57.38和9.95～2 564.20 μg/株，富集系数为0.07～2.19，转运系数为0.01～0.66，其中‘纱织小姐’总Cd积累量及富集系数远高于其他品种，5个Cd敏感型品种的转运系数相对较高。【结论】‘月光’对重金属Cd具有极强的耐受能力，可种植在高Cd污染土壤中以稳定土壤中的Cd；‘纱织小姐’体内可以富集较多的Cd，且耐Cd性较强，可用于高Cd污染区域的修复和美化。 |
| 关键词: 八仙花 镉污染 耐镉性评价 生物修复 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.12.020 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划一般项目（2024NC-YBXM-236） |
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| Comprehensive evaluation of the response to cadmium stress in 15 Hydrangea caltivars (species) |
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CHENG Qian, WANG Cen, ZHAO Bing
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Comprehensive evaluation of the response to cadmium stress in 15 Hydrangea caltivars (species)
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to evaluate the cadmium (Cd) enrichment ability of different Hydrangea cultivars(species) and their remediation potential on Cd-contaminated soil,to provide a reference for the selection of potential high quality remediation plants for Cd-contaminated soil.【Method】The soil culture experiment was carried out, with no Cd treatment as control.The growth performance of 15 Hydrangea cultivars(species) such as ‘Lemon juice’,‘Speedy red lila’,‘Miss yarn weave’,‘Early blue’,‘First white’,‘Royai red’,‘Moonshine’,‘Serena-blue’,‘Rock and roll’,‘Saxon-sonnenstein’,‘Sweetheart blue’,‘Saxon-kronentor’, ‘Maculata’,Hydrangea longipes(wild species) and ‘Endless summer’ was observed after 60 days of Cd stress treatment at 250 mg/kg level.Growth indexes (plant height,root length,dry weight), physiological indexes（chlorophyll,carotenoid,malondialdehyde(MDA),proline,soluble protein and soluble sugar contents,and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)）,and Cd content in plants and soil were measured.The Cd accumulation,Cd bioconcentration factors(BCF) and translocation factors(TF) in shoot and root were calculated,to analyse the differences in growth,physiology,Cd enrichment and transport capacity of each cultivars(species).And principal component analysis,affiliation function method and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the responsiveness of different cultivars(species) to Cd stress.【Result】Under Cd stress of 250 mg/kg,‘Lemon juice’,‘Royai red’,‘Serena-blue’,‘Rock and roll’ and ‘Saxon-sonnenstein’ showed Cd toxicity symptoms at the early stage of the stress treatment, which were identified as Cd sensitive cultivars.The remaining 10 cultivars(species) showed good growth condition,and most of them were not significantly affected by Cd toxicity in terms of plant height,root length,and total dry mass compared with those of CKs,with ‘Moonshine’ even showing a significant increase in root length and total dry mass.Compared with CKs, the Cd stress of 250 mg/kg significantly increased photosynthetic pigments,MDA,soluble sugar content,and SOD and POD activities in ‘Moonshine’;significantly increased SOD and POD activities in ‘Early blue’,‘First white’, ‘Sweetheart blue’ and CAT activities in ‘Speedy red lila’ .The content of soluble protein and soluble sugar varied with cultivars(species), and there was no significant difference in proline content of all cultivars(species) compared to those of CKs.The results of the affiliation function and cluster analysis showed that the cadmium tolerance of the 10 Hydrangea cultivars(species) were ranked as follows:‘Moonshine’> ‘Early blue’>‘Miss yarn weave’>‘First white’>‘Speedy red lila’>‘Sweetheart blue’>‘Endless summer’>‘Maculata’> ‘Saxon-kronentor’>Hydrangea longipes.Among them,‘Moonshine’ was a high Cd-tolerant cultivar.Under Cd stress of 250 mg/kg,the Cd accumulations of 15 Hydrangea cultivars(species) ranged from 1.60 to 57.38 μg/plant in the shoot and from 9.95 to 2 564.20 μg/plant in the root, with bioconcentration factors ranging from 0.07 to 2.19,and translocation factors ranging from 0.01 to 0.66.The total Cd accumulations and bioconcentration factors of ‘Miss yarn weave’ were much higher than those of the other cultivars,and the translocation factors of the five Cd-sensitive cultivars were relatively high.【Conclusion】‘Moonshine’ shows extremely high tolerance to the heavy metal Cd and can be planted in high Cd contaminated soils to stabilise the Cd in the soil.And ‘Miss yarn weave’ can accumulate more Cd in its body with high Cd resistance,and can be used in highly Cd-contaminated areas for repair and beautification. |
| Key words: Hydrangea cadmium contamination cadmium tolerance evaluation bioremediation |
