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| 48％丙烷脒·氟啶胺水分散片剂制备及其对灰霉病的防治 |
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咸文荣1, 许贯友2,3, 周一万2,3, 王康2,3, 马志卿2,3, 冯俊涛2,3, 王勇2,3
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1.青海大学 农林科学院，青海 西宁 810016;2.西北农林科技大学 植物保护学院，陕西 杨凌 712100;3.陕西省生物农药工程技术研究中心，陕西 杨凌 712100
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】丙烷脒是一种新型芳基脒类化合物，对多种植物病原菌具有良好的抑菌活性，尤其对灰葡萄孢菌具有较强的毒力。为了延缓灰葡萄孢菌对丙烷脒抗药性的产生，本研究以灰葡萄孢菌为靶标，选用丙烷脒与氟啶胺进行二元复配，筛选最佳增效配比并进行其水分散片剂制备。【方法】以灰葡萄孢菌为靶标，采用菌丝生长速率法测定丙烷脒与氟啶胺不同配比对灰葡萄孢菌的毒力，计算不同配比丙烷脒与氟啶胺的增效系数，筛选其最佳增效配比。在此基础上通过对农药助剂的筛选，研制丙烷脒与氟啶胺复配水分散片剂并进行温室药效试验，探究其对灰霉病的防治效果。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明，丙烷脒与氟啶胺的最佳增效配比为1∶2。助剂筛选结果表明，48％丙烷脒·氟啶胺水分散片剂的最优配方为丙烷脒16%、氟啶胺32%、BSA 3%、苯扎氯铵16%、氯化钠5%、抗坏血酸10%，白炭黑补充至100%。质量检测结果表明，该水分散片剂崩解时间为253 s，pH值为3.4，悬浮率为90.29％，制剂各项指标均符合国家标准。组织法试验结果表明，100 μg/mL 48%丙烷脒· 氟啶胺水分散片剂对灰霉病的保护作用达90%以上。温室小区试验结果表明，在灰霉病发病较为严重（病情指数为65.74）的情况下，400 μg/mL 48%丙烷脒· 氟啶胺水分散片剂对其的防效为55.07%，显著高于400 μg/mL丙烷脒（防效49.30%）和氟啶胺（防效41.42%）单剂的防效，也显著高于市售药剂1 000 μg/mL多菌灵的防效(38.03%)。【结论】研制了48％丙烷脒·氟啶胺水分散片剂，该制剂对灰霉病具有良好的防治效果。 |
| 关键词: 丙烷脒 氟啶胺 复配增效 水分散片剂 灰霉病 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.12.014 |
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| 基金项目:青海省科技成果转化项目（2024-NK-107） |
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| Preparation of 48% propamidine· fluazinam water dispersible tablets and their efficacy against Botrytis cinerea |
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XIAN Wenrong1, XU Guanyou2,3, ZHOU Yiwan2,3, WANG Kang2,3, MA Zhiqing2,3, FENG Juntao2,3, WANG Yong2,3
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1.Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;2.College of Plant Protection,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;3.Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering＆Technology,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Propamidine,a novel aryl amidine compound,exhibits potent antibacterial activity against various plant pathogens,with particularly strong efficacy against Botrytis cinerea.To delay the emergence of propamidine resistance in B.cinerea,this study took B.cinerea as the target pathogen,to formulate binary compounds of propamidine and fluazinam,and to identify the optimal synergistic ratio and conduct water dispersible tablets formulation research.【Method】Targeting Botrytis cinerea,the mycelial growth inhibition method was employed to assess the toxicity of propamidine-fluazinam mixtures at varying ratios.Synergistic coefficients (SR) were calculated to identify the optimal synergistic ratio.On this basis,by screening pesticide adjuvants,propamidine·fluazinam water dispersible tablets were developed and their prevention effect on gray mold was evaluated under greenhouse conditions.【Result】In vitro toxicity tests revealed that the optimal synergistic ratio of propamidine to fluazinam was 1∶2.The screening of adjuvants showed that the optimal formula for the 48% propamidine·fluazinam water dispersible tablet comprised:16% propamidine,32% fluazinam,3% bovine serum albumin (BSA),16% benzalkonium chloride,5% sodium chloride,10% ascorbic acid,and precipitated silica to 100%.Quality control tests showed that the water dispersible tablet met Chinese national standards with a disintegration time of 253 s,pH 3.4,and a suspension rate of 90.29%.The results of tissue method indicated that the 48% propamidine·fluazinam water dispersible tablet at 100 μg/mL provided over 90% protective efficacy against gray mold.Greenhouse experiment showed that under severe gray mold disease (disease index of 65.74),the 48% propamidine·fluazinam water dispersible tablet achieved 55.07% control efficiency at 400 μg/mL.This efficacy significantly surpassed both individual treatments-propamidine (49.30%) and fluazinam (41.42%) at 400 μg/mL,and the carbendazim (38.03%) at 1 000 μg/mL.【Conclusion】48% propamidine·fluazinam water dispersible tablet (WDT) was successfully formulated,demonstrating significant control efficacy against Botrytis cinerea. |
| Key words: propamidine fluazinam synergistic effect water dispersible tablets Botrytis cinerea |
