| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究秦岭山地生态环境敏感区典型恢复植被类型的固碳特征，以期为应对气候变化和国家重大生态工程实施提供科学依据。【方法】在秦岭东段选取7种典型植被类型(油松、栓皮栎、油松 栓皮栎混交林、侧柏、刺槐、撂荒草地和农地)，通过调查不同类型生态系统的地上植被、地表枯落物、土壤剖面等要素计算有机碳，分析其固碳效应及碳密度构成特征。【结果】(1)秦岭东段典型恢复林草植被的固碳功能显著，呈现侧柏(16 325.2 g/m2)>栓皮栎(16 073.0 g/m2)>油松 栓皮栎混交林(11 729.5 g/m2)>刺槐(9 023.9 g/m2)>油松(8 610.1 g/m2)>撂荒草地(7 177.9 g/m2)>农地(5 496.2 g/m2)的特征。森林生态系统的固碳效应表现最好，其次是草地、农田生态系统。生态系统碳密度的构成比例呈现土壤层>植被层>枯落物层的特征。(2)固碳能力总体上随恢复年限增加呈增加趋势。森林生态系统的碳密度在中龄林和近熟林阶段较高，之后在过熟林阶段，碳储量开始趋稳并缓慢下降。(3)秦岭地区不同恢复植被类型碳密度存在较明显的阴阳坡差异，森林生态系统碳密度在坡向间的差异更明显。【结论】植被固碳作用在不同林分之间差异明显，且随林龄变化表现出阶段性的特征,然而如何有效地因地制宜管理高碳汇树种，实现国家2060年碳中和目标仍需进一步研究。 |
| 关键词: 碳密度 林龄 坡向 典型植被类型 东秦岭 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.11.009 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省教育厅自然科学专项(23JK0421)；商洛学院校级重点培育项目(23KYPY06)；商洛学院科研基金项目(23SKY 009)；商洛市碳中和工程技术研究中心专项(011/SLPT2203)；南水北调中线水源地生态环境技术研究创新团队项目(SK2017-44)；商洛学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202311396069) |
|
| Carbon sequestration effects of the typical restored vegetation types in Eastern Qinling Mountains |
|
XU Xiaoming,YAN Shanshan,PENG Xiaobang
|
|
1.College of Urban,Rural Planning and Architectural Engineering,Shangluo University,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China;2.Shangluo Carbon Neutrality Engineering Technology Research Center,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China;3.Shaanxi Field Research Station of Ecohydrology at the Southern Qinling Mountains,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To establish a foundation for addressing climate change and implementing major national ecological projects,this study investigated the carbon sequestration attributes of the representative restored vegetation types within ecologically sensitive regions of Qinling Mountains. 【Method】Seven typical vegetation types ［Pinus tabuliformis Carr.,Quercus variabilis Blume,P.tabuliformis-Quercus variabilis mixed forests,Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco,Robinia pseudoacacia L.,abandoned grassland,and farmland］ were selected in eastern Qinling Mountains.The carbon sequestration effects and characteristics of carbon density composition were analyzed through a survey of vegetation communities and calculation of organic carbon in the above-ground vegetations,ground litter,and soil profile across different ecosystem types.【Result】(1) The carbon sequestration function of the typical restored forestlands and grasslands in eastern Qinling Mountains was significant, showing P.orientalis (L.) Franco (16 325.2 g/m2)>Q.variabilis Blume (16 073.0 g/m2) >P. tabuliformis-Q.variabilis mixed forests (11 729.5 g/m2)>R.pseudoacacia L.(9 023.9 g/m2) >P.tabuliformis Carr.(8 610.1 g/m2)>abandoned grassland (7 177.9 g/m2) > farmland (5 496.2 g/m2).The forest ecosystem exhibited the highest carbon sequestration effect followed by grassland ecosystem and farmland ecosystem.The composition ratio of ecosystem carbon density was characterized by soil layer > vegetation layer > litter layer.(2) Carbon sequestration capacity was generally increased with restoration years.The carbon density of forest ecosystems was higher in the middle-aged forest stage and near-mature forest stage.Carbon storage began to stabilize and slowly decline in the over-mature forest stage.(3) There were notable differences in carbon density among various restored vegetation types on shaded versus sunny slopes.Furthermore,forest ecosystems displayed more pronounced variations based on slope direction.【Conclusion】These findings indicate that vegetative carbon sequestration is different among different stands,and exhibits phased characteristics correlated with forest age.However,effective management strategies for high-carbon sink tree species tailored to local conditions are essential for achieving national goals for carbon neutrality by 2060. |
| Key words: carbon density stand age slope aspect typical vegetation type Eastern Qinling Mountains |
