| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究桐棉种源马尾松无性系在贵州黔南地区的生长表现，揭示其生长性状遗传变异特征并筛选速生、高产优良无性系，为马尾松无性系推广利用提供物质和技术支持。【方法】以营造于独山林场的21个5年生马尾松无性系试验林为研究对象，以古蓬种源实生苗（CK1）、无性系混系苗（CK2）、桐棉种源实生苗（CK3）、都匀种源实生苗（CK4）为对照，调查胸径、树高和单株材积，采用聚类分析、主成分分析和方差分析研究马尾松无性系的生长性状差异及其遗传多样性。【结果】21个马尾松无性系胸径为6.46～8.90 cm，树高为4.17～5.30 m，单株材积为0.009 9～0.018 2 m3，平均胸径、树高和单株材积比实生苗对照CK1、CK3、CK4分别提高了14.3%～69.2%，10.1%～38.6%和34.0%～224.8%，早期生长优势明显。参试无性系间的胸径、树高和单株材积差异极显著（P<0.01），其表型变异系数分别为19.39%，15.08%和46.04%，遗传变异系数分别为13.85%，10.55%和24.10%，重复力分别为0.69，0.71和0.57。无性系间生长性状变异丰富，主要由遗传控制，开展选择可取得良好效果。采用主成分分析计算各无性系胸径、树高和单株材积综合得分，从21个无性系中筛选出13个优良无性系，入选无性系胸径遗传增益为43.28%～70.12%，平均遗传增益为53.11%；树高遗传增益为19.64%～36.96%，平均遗传增益为28.27%；单株材积遗传增益为99.31%～192.55%，平均遗传增益为144.38%。【结论】21个桐棉种源马尾松无性系在贵州南部具有良好的适应性，造林成效良好，无性系间生长性状存在显著变异。经多性状综合评价筛选出的13个高增益优良无性系，可在贵州南部和环境条件相似地区推广利用。 |
| 关键词: 桐棉马尾松；无性系；生长性状；遗传变异；无性快繁 贵州南部 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.09.006 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:广西科技计划项目（桂科AB24010290,2024GXNSFDA010063,2023GXNSFAA026449,2018GXNSFDA281020,2017G XNSFAA198037,桂科AD17195078）；国家自然科学基金项目（32260381,31960311）；广西林业科技推广示范项目（桂林科研［2021］3号） |
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| Growth performance and preliminary selection of Tongmian Pinus massoniana clones in southern Guizhou |
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CAI Lei1,2, WANG Yin3, ZHOU Jiachun4, HE Kequan5, LU Yuetang5, LU Jingkui5, PAN Guangfu5, XIONG Tianbao5, YAO Ruiling3
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1.Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;2.Guizhou Forestry Survey and Planning Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,China;3.Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002;4.Qiannan Forestry Bureau of Guizhou Province,Duyun,Guizhou 558000,China;5.Dushan County Stateowned Forest Farm,Dushan,Guizhou 558200,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research aimed to study the growth performance of Tongmian provenance Pinus massoniana clones in Qiannan area of Guizhou,reveal the genetic variation characteristics of growth traits and screen fast-growing and high yielding clones,so as to provide material and technical support for the promotion and utilization of Pinus massoniana clones.【Method】Twenty-one 5-year-old Pinus massoniana clones test plantation in Dushan Forest Farm were used as research object,and Gupeng provenance seedlings(CK1),mixed clone seedlings(CK2),Tongmian provenance seedlings(CK3) and Duyun provenance seedlings(CK4) were used as the control.The DBH,tree height and individual volume were investigated.Cluster analysis,principal component analysis and variance analysis were used to study the differences in growth traits and genetic diversity of clones.【Result】The DBH,tree height and individual volume of 21 Pinus massoniana clones were 6.46-8.90 cm,4.17-5.30 m and 0.009 9-0.018 2 m3,respectively.The average DBH,average tree height and average individual volume were 14.3%-69.2%,10.1%-38.6% and 34.0%-224.8%,higher than those of CK1,CK3 and CK4,respectively.Obvious early growth advantage was observed.There were significant differences in DBH,tree height and individual volume among the tested clones (P＜0.01).The phenotypic variation coefficients were 19.39%,15.08% and 46.04%,respectively.The genetic variation coefficeents were 13.85%,10.55% and 24.10%,respectively.The repeatability was 0.69,0.71 and 0.57,respectively.Rich variation of growth traits among clones was observed,which was mainly controlled by heredity,permitting good results for selection.The comprehensive scores of DBH,tree height and individual volume of each clone were calculated by principal component analysis,and 13 excellent clones were selected from 21 clones.The genetic gain of DBH of selected clones was 43.28%-70.12%,and the average genetic gain was 53.11%.The genetic gain of tree height was 19.64%-36.96%,and the average genetic gain was 28.27%.The genetic gain of individual volume was 99.31%-192.55%,and the average genetic gain was 144.38%.【Conclusion】The 21 clones of Pinus massoniana of Tongmian provenance showed good adaptability in southern Guizhou and achieved good afforestation results.There were significant variations in growth traits among clones.The 13 high-yield clones selected by comprehensive evaluation of multiple traits can be popularized and utilized in southern Guizhou and areas with similar environmental conditions. |
| Key words: Tongmian Pinus massoniana clone growth trait genetic variation asexual rapid propagation southern Guizhou |
