| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究滴灌施肥条件下不同复合微生物菌剂对宁夏引黄灌区土壤水分、玉米产量及经济效益的影响，从中筛选出适宜的复合微生物菌剂，为该地区滴灌水肥一体化种植模式下玉米优质高效种植提供参考。【方法】 2021和2022年，以玉米先玉1225为供试品种，在大田采用滴灌水肥一体化技术，在灌水量、常规肥料种类及用量相同的基础上，配施君德微生物菌剂（F1）、维格施微生物菌剂（F2）、中科化工复合微生物菌剂（F3）和米力琪复合微生物菌剂（F4）4种复合微生物菌剂，以无菌剂处理为对照（CK），分析不同处理土壤水分、玉米干物质累积量、吸氮量、产量及其构成因素和经济效益的变化。【结果】 ①2021－2022年，从拔节期到成熟期，与CK相比，各复合微生物菌剂处理玉米干物质累积量显著增加，干物质累积最大速率提高了11.02%～34.62%，干物质累积最大速率出现时间提前3.5～16.4 d。②2021－2022年，与CK相比，各复合微生物菌剂处理土壤含水率均下降，玉米拔节期—收获期的土壤贮水量总体显著降低，玉米全生育期耗水量和水分利用效率显著增加，其中 F3处理的水分利用效率最大。③2021－2022年，与CK相比，各复合微生物菌剂处理玉米穗粒数、百粒质量、产量和收获期吸氮量总体提高，其中F3处理以上指标均最大。④2021－2022年，与CK相比，4种复合微生物菌剂处理玉米总收入、净收入和产投比显著提高，其中F3处理以上指标均显著高于其他处理。【结论】 在宁夏引黄灌区滴灌水肥一体化种植模式下不同复合微生物菌剂能实现玉米增产增收，其中15 kg/hm2中科化工复合微生物菌剂（F3）效果最佳。 |
| 关键词: 玉米 复合微生物菌剂 土壤水分 氮素吸收 产量 经济效益 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.08.002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03151，2023AAC03075)；国家自然科学基金项目(32360432) |
|
| Effects of different compound microbial agents on maize yield and economic efficiency under drip irrigation and fertilization conditions |
|
MA Jilong1, QI Yongjie1, HAN Linpu1, MA Kun2, XIE Tiena3, JI Li1, MA Jianzhen1, JIA Biao1
|
|
1.School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;2.School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;3.Institute of Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 This research aimed to study the effects of different compound microbial agents on soil water,maize yield and economic efficiency under drip irrigation and fertilizer application conditions in the Yinhuang Irrigation Area of Ningxia and screen out suitable compound microbial agents,to provide references for high quality and high efficiency cultivation of maize under the drip irrigation and fertilizer integration planting mode in this area.【Method】 In 2021 and 2022,maize Xianyu 1225 was used as the test variety,and drip irrigation water fertilizer integration technology was adopted in the experimental field.Combined with the same irrigation volume,conventional fertilizer type and dosage,4 types of microbial agent were used in the experimental field: Junde microbial agent (F1),VEGS microbial agent (F2),Zhongke Chemical composite microbial agent (F3) and Miliqi compound microbial agent (F4),with the aseptic treatment as the control (CK).And the changes in soil moisture,maize dry matter accumulation,nitrogen uptake,yield,its components and economic efficiency in different treatments were analyzed.【Result】 ① From the nodulation stage to the maturity stage in 2021 and 2022,the dry matter accumulation of maize under each compound microbial agent treatment was significantly increased compared with CK.The maximum rate of dry matter accumulation was increased by 11.02%-34.62%,and was observed 3.5-16.4 d in advance.② In 2021－2022,compared with CK,the soil water content under each compound microbial agent treatments decreased,the soil water storage capacity at the jointing harvest stage of maize decreased significantly,and the water consumption and water use efficiency of maize during the whole reproductive period increased significantly,with the maximum water use efficiency observed in treatment F3.③ In 2021－2022,compared with CK,the number of grains in ears,100 kernel mass,yield and nitrogen uptake at harvest of maize under each compound microbial agent treatments were generally increased,with the maximum for all the above indexes observed in treatment F3.④ In 2021－2022,compared with CK,gross income,net income and production and input ratio of maize treated with 4 kinds of compound microbial agent treatment were significantly increased,with all those indicators in F3 treatment significantly higher than those in other treatments.【Conclusion】 Under 〖JP2〗the drip irrigation water fertilizer integration planting mode in the Yinhuang Irrigation Area of Ningxia,different compound microbial〖JP〗 agent treatment can increase maize yield,and the 15 kg/hm2 Zhongke Chemical compound microbial agent (F3) shows the best efficiency. |
| Key words: maize compound microbial agent soil water nitrogen uptake yield economic efficiency |
