| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究施氮量对裸燕麦碳氮代谢的影响，明确影响不同裸燕麦品种穗粒数形成差异的氮素调控措施。【方法】选取穗粒数差异大的2个裸燕麦品种坝莜1号（穗粒数多）和定莜8号（穗粒数少）为试验材料，于2021-2022年采用随机区组设计进行大田试验，设置0，100和200 kg/hm2 3个施氮水平，测定和分析了不同氮素供应条件下裸燕麦干物质积累量、碳代谢相关酶活性、籽粒全氮含量、氮代谢相关酶活性及其对籽粒产量的差异。【结果】①施氮对2个裸燕麦品种的籽粒产量具有增加效应，其中在施氮100 kg/hm2时产量最高。②在100 kg/hm2施氮处理下，坝莜1号的干物质积累量、蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性、蔗糖合成酶（SS）活性、籽粒全氮含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性、硝酸还原酶（NR）活性和籽粒产量两年平均值较不施氮处理分别提高54.30%，33.35%，22.73%，6.05%，19.65%，23.64%和40.15%，定莜8号分别提高54.90%，34.60%，38.36%，4.66%，17.27%，12.88%和37.36%。施氮量对2个裸燕麦品种碳氮代谢的调控优势主要体现在灌浆期。③相关性分析表明，坝莜1号籽粒产量与碳氮代谢参数均呈显著正相关关系，尤其与碳代谢中SPS活性呈极显著正相关；定莜8号籽粒产量与氮代谢参数呈显著正相关关系，尤其与GS活性呈极显著正相关。【结论】增施氮肥对2个裸燕麦品种均有显著正向影响，坝莜1号表现出更优的碳氮代谢活性，实现碳氮代谢与产量同步正相关，SPS活性对产量的提高起主导作用；对定莜8号碳代谢影响较小，但生育后期的氮代谢优势较强，体现在较高的GS活性，从而弥补穗粒数少的不足，提高了籽粒产量。 |
| 关键词: 裸燕麦 施氮量 干物质积累量 碳氮代谢 籽粒产量 |
| DOI：10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2025.02.005 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31960378);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项（2021ZD0002）;内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020-GG0037) |
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| Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of different naked oat cultivars |
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ZHANG Yu1, ZHAO Baoping1, LIU Yandi1, QI Bingjie1, YUAN Zhiqiang1, MI Junzhen1, LIU Jinghui1, WU Junying2
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1.College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;2.Vocational and Technical College，Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014000,China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of nitrogen application on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of naked oats were studied,and the nitrogen control measures affecting the formation of grain number per spike of different naked oat varieties were clarified.【Method】Two naked oat varieties of Bayou 1(with more grains per spike) and Dingyou 8 (with less grains per spike) with large differences in grain number per spike were selected as experimental materials.Field tests were conducted in 2021-2022 using a randomized block design,and three nitrogen application levels of 0,100 and 200 kg/hm2 were set.Dry matter accumulation,enzyme activities related to carbon metabolism,total nitrogen content and enzyme activities related to nitrogen metabolism as well as their effects on grain yield of naked oats under different nitrogen supply conditions were measured and analyzed.【Result】① Nitrogen application increased grain yield of the two oat varieties,and the highest yield was achieved when nitrogen application was 100 kg/hm2.② In 100 kg/hm2 nitrogen treatment,the two-year average value of dry matter accumulation,SPS activity,SS activity,total nitrogen content,NR activity,GS activity and grain yield of Bayou 1 were increased by 54.30%,33.35%,22.73%,6.05%,19.65%,23.64% and 40.15%,respectively,while those of Dingyou 8 were increased by 54.90%,34.60%,38.36%,4.66%,17.27%,12.88% and 37.36%,respectively.The regulation of nitrogen application rate on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of naked oat cultivars was mainly reflected in the filling stage.③ Correlation analysis showed that the grain yield of Bayou 1 had significant positive correlation with all parameters of carbon and nitrogen metabolism,especially with SPS activity in carbon metabolism.The grain yield of Dingyou 8 had significant positive correlation with nitrogen metabolism parameters,especially with GS activity.【Conclusion】Increased nitrogen application had significant positive effects on the two naked oat varieties.Bayou 1 showed better carbon and nitrogen metabolic activity with synchronous positive correlation between carbon and nitrogen metabolism and yield,and SPS activity played a leading role in increasing yield.It had less influences on carbon metabolism of Dingyou 8 with stronger nitrogen metabolism advantages in the later growth period,which was reflected in higher GS activity,so as to make up for the lack of fewer grains per spike and improve yield. |
| Key words: naked oats nitrogen application amount dry matter accumulation carbon and nitrogen metabolism grain yield |
