摘要: |
【目的】探究丁酸钠对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能及消化道健康的影响。【方法】选取初生荷斯坦母犊牛32头,按出生日期交替分配在对照组与丁酸钠组,对照组牛饲喂酸化奶和开食料,丁酸钠组牛饲喂添加0.3%(按乳中干物质计算)包被丁酸钠的酸化奶和开食料,试验期70 d。在0和70日龄时,称体质量;在70日龄时,测定体高、体斜长、胸围、髋宽和管围,计算体长指数、体躯指数、胸围指数和管围指数;每日记录犊牛饲料采食数据,计算平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比。在70日龄时,每组选取5头犊牛采集新鲜粪样,测算粗蛋白质、钙、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、干物质、粗脂肪和磷的表观消化率;在55日龄时,进行颈静脉采血,分离血清,测定血清中乙酸、丙酸、戊酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、己酸、庚酸等挥发性脂肪酸含量。在14,28,42,56和70日龄时,采集新鲜粪便样品,进行菌落计数。每日对犊牛体况及粪便进行评分。【结果】丁酸钠可显著提升犊牛平均日采食量、试验终末体质量、平均日增重(P<0.05);显著提高血清中乙酸、丙酸、戊酸含量及日粮粗蛋白质、钙、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05),显著改善犊牛眼部和粪便评分(P<0.05)。丁酸钠可极显著抑制犊牛肠道中菌落总数、沙门/志贺菌的菌落数(P<0.01),从而显著降低犊牛腹泻率(P<0.05)。【结论】在犊牛乳中添加丁酸钠可以起到提高采食量、抑制肠道有害菌、降低腹泻发生概率、改善犊牛健康状况的作用。丁酸钠可作为犊牛生产中替代抗生素的绿色添加剂。 |
关键词: 丁酸钠;荷斯坦犊牛;生长性能;挥发性脂肪酸;腹泻率 绿色添加剂 |
DOI:DOI:10.13207/j.cnki.jnwafu.2024.12.002 |
分类号: |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32060764);甘肃农业大学学科团队项目(GAU-XKTD-2022-22);临夏州优质肉牛标准化健康生产技术集成应用项目(KJJC-LX-2023-01) |
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Effect of sodium butyrate on growth performance and digestive health of newborn calves |
LUO Zhihao1, LIU Ting1, LI Peng1, CHENG Shuru2, ZHU Jianping3
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1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;2.College of Veterinary Medicine,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;3.Gansu Liaoyuan Dairy Co.LTD.Shengyuan Breeding Base,Linxia,Gansu 731100,China
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Abstract: |
【Objective】This study investigated the effects of sodium butyrate on growth performance and digestive health of newborn Holstein calves.【Method】Thirty-two newborn Holstein female calves were selected and assigned to control (CK) and sodium butyrate (CSB) groups alternately according to dates of birth.CK were fed on acidified milk and starter as normal,while test cows in CSB group were fed on acidified milk and starter supplemented with 0.3% (based on dry matter in milk) encapsulated sodium butyrate.The test period lasted 70 days.Body weight was determined at the ages of 0 and 70 days,and body height,body length,girth,hip width and tube girth were measured at the age of 70 days.Body length index,body carcass index,breast girth index and tube girth index were calculated.Daily feed intake data were recorded and average daily feed intake,average daily gross gain and feed-to-weight ratio were calculated.Fresh fecal samples were collected from 5 calves in each group,and the apparent digestibility of crude protein,calcium,acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber,dry matter,crude fat and phosphorus was measured at the age of 70 days.Blood was collected from the jugular vein at the age of 55 days,and serum was separated to determine contents of volatile fatty acids including acetic,propionic,valeric,isobutyric,butyric,isovaleric,caproic and heptanoic acids.Fresh feces were collected at the ages of 14,28,42,56 and 70 days for colony counting.Calves were scored daily for body condition and feces.【Result】Sodium butyrate significantly increased average daily feed intake,end-of-trial body mass and average daily weight gain of calves (P<0.05),and significantly increased serum levels of acetic acid,propionic acid and valeric acid (P<0.05).It also significantly increased apparent digestibility of crude protein,calcium,acidic detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber (P<0.05) and significantly improved calf eye and fecal scores (P<0.05).Sodium butyrate suppressed the total number of colonies and the number of Salmonella/Shigella colonies in intestinal tract of calves very significantly (P<0.01) and significantly reduced calf diarrhea rate (P<0.05).【Conclusion】The addition of sodium butyrate to calf milk increased feed intake,inhibited harmful intestinal bacteria,reduced the probability of diarrhea and improved calf health.Thus,it can be used as a green additive to replace antibiotics in calf production. |
Key words: sodium butyrate Holstein calf growth performance volatile fatty acid diarrhea rate green additive |