| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究郭岩山自然保护区不同海拔丝栗栲（Castanopsis fargesii）天然林分的叶片（鲜叶和凋落叶）养分元素含量和回收率随海拔的变化特征，以期进一步了解丝栗栲养分元素循环机理和对环境的适应特性，为丝栗栲等亚热带常绿阔叶树种培育及外源养分调控提供参考。【方法】采集郭岩山自然保护区不同海拔（600~900 m）丝栗栲天然林的鲜叶和凋落叶，测定其氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）含量，并计算其回收率，采用皮尔逊（Pearson）相关分析探究不同海拔叶片养分元素之间的相关性。【结果】① 海拔对丝栗栲鲜叶N、K、Ca、Mg元素含量和凋落叶N、Ca、Mg元素含量存在明显影响，凋落叶除Ca元素含量高于鲜叶外，其余元素含量均低于鲜叶；② 相关性分析表明，在鲜叶中，K与P元素含量呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与Mg元素含量呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）；而在凋落叶中，Mg元素含量与N和Ca元素含量之间存在显著和极显著正相关关系，K元素含量与Ca和Mg元素含量均存在显著负相关关系（P＜0.05）；③ 丝栗栲鲜叶与凋落叶间，Mg元素含量呈极显著负相关（P＜0.01），N、K、Ca元素含量均呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），P元素含量相关性不显著（P＞0.05）；④ N、K、Mg元素回收率受海拔影响显著，N和Mg元素回收率在800和900 m海拔处较低，K元素与之相反，P元素在不同海拔均具有较高回收率，而Ca元素不具有回收特征。【结论】丝栗栲叶片不同养分元素含量随海拔的变化存在差异且具有一定相关关系，在不同海拔条件下，丝栗栲叶片会对除Ca元素以外的N、P、K、Mg 4种养分元素予以回收，但回收率表现特征不同，在森林经营过程中可据此因地制宜控制N肥施用及改良元素配比，以满足林木生长发育需要。 |
| 关键词: 丝栗栲 养分回收 森林经营 海拔 郭岩山自然保护区 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（32071760）；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目（KHF170002） |
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| Analysis on nutrient recovery characteristics of Castanopsis fargesii leaves at different altitudes in Guoyan Mountain |
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SU Yi,ZHANG Hao,HE Dongmei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The variation characteristics of leaf (fresh leaf and litter leaf) nutrient contents and recovery rates of Castanopsis fargesii natural forest at different altitudes in Guoyan Mountain natural reserve were studied to further understand the nutrient cycling mechanism and environmental adaptation characteristics of Castanopsis fargesii and to provide references for the cultivation and exogenous nutrient regulation of subtropical evergreen broad leaved tree species.【Method】Fresh and litter leaves of Castanopsis fargesii natural forest at different altitudes (600-900 m) in Guoyan Mountain natural reserve were collected. The contents of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),potassium (K),calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in fresh and litter leaves were determined and the recovery rates were calculated.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of nutrient elements in leaves at different altitudes. 【Result】① Altitude had significant effects on contents of N,K,Ca and Mg in fresh leaves and N,Ca and Mg in litter leaves of Castanopsis fargesii.Contents of elements in litter leaves were lower than those in fresh leaves,except Ca content was opposite. ② Correlation analysis showed that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between K and P (P＜0.01) and a significant negative correlation between K and Mg (P＜0.05) in fresh leaves.In litter leaves,Mg had a significant and extremely significant positive correlation with N and Ca,and K had a significant negative correlation with Ca and Mg (P＜0.05). ③ Between fresh and litter leaves of Castanopsis fargesii,Mg contents showed extremely significant negative correlation (P＜0.01),N,K and Ca contents had extremely significant positive correlation,while P contents had no significant correlation (P＞0.05). ④ The recoveries of N, K and Mg were significantly affected by altitude.The recoveries of N and Mg were lower at altitudes of 800 and 900 m,while K recoveries were on the contrary.P recoveries had higher rates at all altitudes,while Ca had no recovery.【Conclusion】The contents of different nutrient elements in Castanopsis fargesii leaves varied with altitude and had certain correlations.At different altitudes,Castanopsis fargesii leaves recovered N,P,K and Mg except Ca with different recovery characteristics.In the process of forest management,the application of N fertilizer and improved element ratios can be controlled according to local conditions to meet forest growth and development. |
| Key words: Castanopsis fargesii nutrient recovery forest management altitude Guoyan Mountain natural reserve |
