| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同水磷组合对科尔沁沙地紫花苜蓿抗寒生理特性的影响，筛选适宜的水磷组合。【方法】以紫花苜蓿品种‘骑士T’和‘公农1号’为试验材料，采用两因素裂区试验设计，以水分处理为主区：设置灌水时间间隔分别为4，8和12 d（用W1、W2和W3表示），灌水方式为指针式喷灌，每次灌溉量为水分入渗到距土表30 cm处；以磷肥施用量为副区：设置P2O5施用量为50，100和150 kg/hm2（用P1、P2、P3表示），并设置不施磷肥为对照（CK），于封冻前期挖取紫花苜蓿根颈材料,测定丙二醛（MDA）含量，过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和可溶性蛋白（SP）含量，翌年测定越冬率，并对上述指标进行相关性分析。【结果】在相同灌水时间间隔处理下，‘骑士T’和‘公农1号’根颈MDA含量随着磷肥施用量的增加表现为先降低后升高的变化趋势，CAT、POD、SOD活性和越冬率则表现为先上升后下降的变化趋势（‘公农1号’根颈在P3处理下的POD活性除外），‘骑士T’根颈SP白含量表现为持续增长的变化趋势，而‘公农1号’根颈SP含量则表现为先增加后减少的变化趋势；在相同磷肥施用量处理下，‘骑士T’和‘公农1号’根颈MDA含量随着灌水时间间隔的增加表现为持续增长的变化趋势，POD、SOD活性以及SP含量和越冬率则均表现为先上升后下降的变化趋势，‘骑士T’根颈CAT活性呈先上升后下降的趋势，‘公农1号’根颈CAT活性呈持续增加的趋势。W2P2处理的总体效果最好，其‘骑士T’根颈MDA含量较CK降低51.84％，CAT、POD和SOD活性、SP含量及越冬率较CK分别增加了45.12％，58.11％，21.98％，38.18％和59.50％；‘公农1号’根颈MDA含量较CK降低51.18％，CAT、POD和SOD活性、SP含量及越冬率较CK分别增加了83.56％，59.65％，42.03％，62.06％和55.03％。相关性分析结果显示，CAT、POD、SOD活性，SP含量和越冬率相互之间多为显著正相关关系，上述各指标与MDA含量多呈显著负相关关系。【结论】科尔沁沙地种植紫花苜蓿时适宜的水磷组合为灌水时间间隔8 d、磷肥（P2O5）施用量100 kg/hm2，其降低紫花苜蓿丙二醛含量、增强抗氧化酶活性、提高可溶性蛋白含量的效果总体最优，并可明显提高紫花苜蓿的越冬率。 |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿 水磷组合 抗寒性 抗氧化特性 科尔沁沙地 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020MS03081)；国家自然科学基金项目(31960352)；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0109) |
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| Effect of water and phosphorus combination on alfalfa root crown antioxidant characteristics and overwintering rate |
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SUN Mingxue,ZHANG Yuxia,CONG Baiming,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different water and phosphorus combination treatments on cold resistance physiological characteristics of alfalfa in Horqin sandy land were explored and the suitable water and phosphorus combinations were screened.【Method】A two-factor split zone test was used for ‘Knight T’ and ‘Gongnong No.1’.The main area of water treatments included irrigation time intervals of 4,8 d and 12 d (W1,W2 and W3),the irrigation method was pointer sprinkler irrigation,and each irrigation was 30 cm away from the soil surface.Phosphate fertilizer application rates in the sub-zone were 50,100 and 150 kg/hm2 P2O5 (P1,P2 and P3),and no phosphate fertilizer was used as the control (CK).The alfalfa root crown material was excavated in the pre freezing period to determine malondialdehyde content (MDA),catalase activity (CAT),peroxidase activity (POD),superoxide dismutase activity (SOD),and soluble protein content (SP).The overwintering rate was determined in the following year,and correlation analysis was conducted.【Result】Under same irrigation time intervals,MDA in root crown of ‘Knight T’ and ‘Gongnong No.1’ showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of phosphate fertilizer application rate,while CAT,POD,SOD and overwintering rate showed an opposite trend (except for POD of ‘Gongnong No.1’ root crown in P3 treatment).SP in root crown of ‘Knight T’ showed a trend of continuous increase,while that of ‘Gongnong No.1’ showed a trend of first increase and then decrease.Under same phosphate fertilizer application rates,MDA in root crown of ‘Knight T’ and ‘Gongnong No.1’ showed a continuous increasing trend with the increase of irrigation time interval,while POD,SOD,SP and wintering rate showed a trend of first increase and then decrease.CAT in root crown of ‘Knight T’ showed a trend of first increase and then decrease,while that of ‘Gongnong No.1’ showed a continuous increasing trend.The treatment of W2P2 had the best overall effect.Compared with CK,MDA in root crown of ‘Knight T’ decreased by 51.84%,while CAT,POD,SOD,SP and overwintering rate increased by 45.12%,58.11%,21.98%,38.18% and 59.50%,respectively.MDA in root crown of ‘Gongnong No.1’ decreased by 51.18%,while CAT,POD,SOD,SP and overwintering rate increased by 83.56%,59.65%,42.03%,62.06% and 55.03%,respectively.In correlation analysis,CAT,POD,SOD,SP and overwintering rate had significantly positive correlations with each other,and they had significantly negative correlation with MDA.【Conclusion】The suitable combination of water and phosphorus for alfalfa in Horqin sandy land was irrigation interval of 8 d with phosphorus fertilizer (P2O5) of 100 kg/hm2,which could significantly improve overwintering rate of alfalfa by reducing MDA,enhancing activity of antioxidant enzymes,and increasing SP. |
| Key words: alfalfa water and phosphorus combination cold resistance antioxidant properties Horqin sandy land |
