| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明青海主栽与后备小麦品种（系）对小麦条锈病的抗性水平及部分抗条锈病基因的分布，为青海省高抗条锈病小麦品种的选育提供理论基础。【方法】利用小麦条锈菌优势生理小种CYR31、CYR32、CYR33、CYR34对44份供试小麦品种分别在温室和田间进行全生育期和成株期抗病性鉴定，利用抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr24、Yr44的侧翼分子标记检测其抗病基因的分布。【结果】在供试的44个小麦品种（系）中，青麦1号、青春533和青春38等31份（70.4％）材料对CYR31表现抗病，青麦1号、青春533和青春38等35份（79.5％）材料对CYR32表现抗病，青麦1号、青春38、YZ282等35份（79.5％）材料对CYR33表现抗病，互麦13、云繁105、稷麦8号等35份（79.5％）材料对CYR34表现抗病；青春533、青春38、青春39等20份材料（系）表现成株期抗病性，占供试品种的45.4％，其中GY363和GY856 表现免疫，15-34-3、HYNM19-2和互紫麦1号等11份小麦品种表现高抗，青春38、青春39和稷麦8号等7份小麦品种（系）表现中抗，分别占总数的4.5％，25.0％和15.9％。分子检测结果表明，15-34-3、HYNM19-2、GY363等5份（11.3％）材料可能携带Yr5基因，云繁105、稷麦8号和15-34-3等11份（25.0%）材料可能携带Yr9基因，青春533、青春38、40-12-86等4份（9.1％）材料可能携带Yr10基因，互紫麦1号、YGW-46、GY363等5份（11.3％）材料可能携带Yr15基因，青麦5号、稷麦8号及15-34-3等15份（34.1％）材料可能携带Yr24基因，宁春51、15-34-3、19399-11等8份（18.1％）材料可能携带Yr44基因，其中航远L621未携带这6个抗病基因，但是全生育期表现抗病。【结论】青海省部分小麦品种（系）抗病性较高，今后应减少含有Yr9基因小麦品种的使用，加大含有多个抗病基因组合品种选育的力度。 |
| 关键词: 小麦条锈病 抗病性评价 抗条锈病基因 分子检测 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31960516）；青海省重点研发与转化计划项目（2022-NK-125） |
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| Stripe rust resistance evaluation and gene detection of 44 wheat varieties (lines) in Qinghai |
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ZHANG Xuefei,CHEN Jianxiong,LIU Yaoxia,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The resistance level and distribution of some stripe rust resistance genes of main and backup wheat varieties (lines) in Qinghai were studied to provide basis for breeding wheat with high resistance to stripe rust in Qinghai.【Method】The current predominant stripe rust CYR31,CYR32,CYR33 and CYR34 were used to identify the resistance of 44 cultivars (lines) in whole growth period in greenhouse.The stripe rust resistance was also identified at adult plant stage in fields,and the presence of resistance genes was detected by molecular flanking markers linked to stripe rust resistance genes Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr24 and Yr44.【Result】Among the 44 varieties (lines) tested,31 materials (70.4%) including Qingmai 1,Qingchun 533 and Qingchun 38 showed resistance to CYR31,35 materials (79.5%) including Qingmai 1,Qingchun 533 and Qingchun 38 showed resistance to CYR32,35 materials (79.5%) including Qingmai 1,Qingchun 38 and YZ282 showed resistance to CYR33,and 35 materials (79.5%) including Humai 13,Yunfan 105 and Jimai 8 showed resistance to CYR34.Twenty materials (lines) including Qingchun 533,Qingchun 38 and Qingchun 39 showed disease resistance at adult stage,accounting for 45.4% of tested varieties.Among them,GY363 and GY856 showed immunity,11 materials (lines) including 15-34-3,HYNM19-2 and Huzimai 1 showed high resistance,and 7 materials (lines) including Qingchun 38,Qingchun 39 and Jimai 8 showed moderate resistance,accounting for 4.5%,25.0% and 15.9% of the total,respectively.The molecular detection results showed that 5 materials (11.3%) including 15-34-3,HYNM19-2 and GY363 might carry Yr5 gene,11 materials (25.0%) including Yunfan 105,Jimai 8 and 15-34-3 might carry Yr9 gene,4 materials (9.1%) including Qingchun 533,Qingchun 38 and 40-12-86 might carry Yr10 gene,and 5 materials (11.3%) including Huzimai 1,YGW-46 and GY363 might carry Yr15.Fifteen materials (34.1%) including Qingmai 5,Jimai 8 and 15-34-3 may carry Yr24 gene,and 8 materials (18.1%) including Ningchun 51,15-34-3 and 19399-11 may carry Yr44 gene.Differently,Hangyuan L621 did not carry any of these 6 disease resistance genes,but still showed disease resistance in the whole growth period.【Conclusion】Some wheat cultivars (lines) in Qinghai showed high resistance to wheat stripe rust.Reducing the use of wheat cultivars containing Yr9 gene and strengthening the breeding of wheat cultivars with multiple stripe rust resistance genes are suggested in future. |
| Key words: wheat stripe rust evaluation of disease resistance stripe rust resistance genes molecular detection |
