| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究条施调酸材料的调酸效应及其对马铃薯锌、硼吸收的影响，为调酸材料在马铃薯上的应用提供依据。【方法】以马铃薯为材料，采用田间试验，设置根区施用磷酸一铵（MAP）、硫磺(S)、混合调酸剂(磷酸一铵和硫磺按质量比1∶1混合，MS），以不施用调酸材料为对照，分析调酸材料施入石灰性土壤后土壤pH值、锌硼有效性以及马铃薯叶片、块茎锌硼含量的变化，研究3种调酸材料根区条施后的调酸效应及对土壤锌硼有效性和马铃薯锌硼吸收的影响。【结果】施入调酸材料能显著降低石灰性土壤pH值，在马铃薯整个生育期调酸效应总体表现为MS＞MAP＞S。施用调酸材料能提高淀粉积累期马铃薯根区土壤有效锌和有效硼含量，MAP、S、MS处理土壤有效锌含量较对照分别提高了58.82%，9.80%和37.25%，土壤有效硼含量较对照分别提高了53.01%，57.83%和61.45%。施用调酸材料后，苗期马铃薯叶片锌、硼积累量分别增加了48.44%~60.83%和40.73%~58.68%，块茎膨大期分别增加了31.43%~39.88%和22.40%~33.06%；在淀粉积累期，MS和S处理马铃薯叶片锌积累量较对照分别降低了51.85%和30.25%，而MAP处理则较对照增加了4.79%，MAP、S、MS处理马铃薯叶片硼积累量较对照分别减少了20.67%，41.78%和38.21%。收获期施用调酸材料后，MAP、S、MS处理马铃薯块茎锌含量较对照分别降低了9.47%，4.94%和14.81%，S、MS处理马铃薯锌积累量较对照分别降低了5.88%和21.08%，而MAP处理提高了30.39%；MAP、S、MS处理马铃薯块茎硼含量较对照分别提高了14.97%，15.51%和63.10%，硼积累量分别提高了67.74%，16.13%和51.61%。【结论】调酸材料降低了石灰性土壤pH值和马铃薯块茎锌含量，但提高了马铃薯块茎硼含量；从调酸效应和马铃薯块茎吸收来看，磷酸一铵与硫磺配施最有利于马铃薯对土壤中微量元素锌硼的利用。 |
| 关键词: 马铃薯 石灰性土壤 土壤调酸 调酸材料 锌有效性 硼有效性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31660362） |
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| Effects of acid-regulating materials in row application on acid regulation in calcareous soil and absorption of zinc and boron in potato |
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SHI Liping,SUO Quanyi,LIU Meiying,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the effects of acid-regulating materials in potato root zone and supplementary ions on the availability of zinc and boron in soil and potato absorption to provide support for the application of acid-regulating materials.【Method】A field experiment was set to apply monoammonium phosphate (MAP),sulfur (S),and monoammonium phosphate+sulfur (MS) in root-zone,with no acid regulating material as control.Changes in soil pH,zinc and boron availability,and zinc and boron contents in potato leaves and tubers after row application of acid-regulating materials into calcareous soil were analyzed.【Result】The pH value of calcareous soil was significantly reduced by application of acid-regulating materials,and the overall effect of acid-regulating materials was in the order of MS>MAP>S during the whole growth period of potato.The application of acid-regulating materials increased the contents of available zinc and boron in the root zone soil during the potato starch accumulation period.Compared with the control,the contents of available zinc in soil of MAP,S and MS treatments were increased by 58.82%,9.80% and 37.25%,and the contents of available boron in soil were increased by 53.01%,57.83% and 61.45%,respectively.The accumulation of zinc and boron in leaves was increased by 48.44%-60.83% and 40.73%-58.68% at seedling period after the application of acid adjusting materials,and increased by 31.43%-39.88% and 22.40%-33.06% during tuber swelling stage.During starch accumulation stage,zinc accumulation in potato leaves was decreased by 51.85% and 30.25% under MS and S treatments but was increased by 4.79% in MAP treatment.Boron accumulation in MAP,S and MS treatments was decreased by 20.67%,41.78% and 38.21%,respectively.After applying acid-regulating materials at harvest,zinc contents in potato tubers of MAP,S,and MS treatments were reduced by 9.47%,4.94%,and 14.81%,zinc accumulation of S and MS treatments was reduced by 5.88% and 21.08%,while zinc accumulation of MAP treatment was increased by 30.39%.Boron contents of potato tubers were increased by 14.97%,15.51% and 63.10%,and boron accumulation was increased by 67.74%,16.13% and 51.61%,respectively.【Conclusion】The acid adjusting materials reduced soil pH value of calcareous soil and zinc content of potato tubers,but increased boron content of potato tuber.From the perspective of acid regulating effect and potato tuber absorption,the combination of monoammonium phosphate and sulfur (MS) was the best for utilization of zinc and boron. |
| Key words: potato calcareous soil soil acidity acid-adjusting materials zinc availability boron availability |
