| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析森林火灾对柳杉（Cryptomeria fortunei）树轮中化学元素含量的影响，揭示林火发生与树轮中化学元素含量变化的相关规律，为林火历史的研究探索新方法。【方法】以福建周宁县2015年发生林火的过火区域、距离火场<500 m区域和距离火场>1 500 m区域柳杉2010-2019年树轮为研究对象，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP MS）检测树轮中P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、Na、Al、Ni共12种化学元素的含量，分析其在林火发生前后的变化与相关性。【结果】大部分元素 (B、Mn、Ca、Cu、Zn和Ni)含量最大值出现在火灾发生后第1年，或最小值出现在火灾发生后第2年。过火区域中林火对于B和Mn元素影响较为明显，主要表现在:B和Mn含量在林火前后具有显著差异性；Mn含量在火灾发生前与火灾发生当年呈负相关，但与火灾发生后第1年呈正相关；B与Mn元素间含量在火灾发生当年呈强相关性。此外，采样点距离火场区域的距离对Ca、Fe、Ni、Cu和Zn元素含量有显著影响，主要表现在：距离火场区域越远，Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn元素含量在林火前后的差异性越显著，Cu和Zn元素含量在火灾发生前与火灾发生当年的相关性越高，Fe、Ni、Cu和Zn元素间含量在火灾发生前与火灾发生后第2年的相关性越高。【结论】树木年轮中的化学元素含量变化可作为林火历史信号示踪器。 |
| 关键词: 森林火灾 林火历史 树轮 化学元素 柳杉 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31770697) |
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| Detection of historical forest fires based on tree-ring chemical element analysis |
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WEI Mao,ZHANG Guangying,BIN Xiaojin,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Effects of forest fires on contents of chemical elements in tree rings of Cryptomeria fortunei were studied and the relationship between forest fire and chemical elements was analyzed to explore a new method for studying forest fire history.【Method】Samples of tree rings of C. fortunei from burnt area,<500 m from burnt area and >1 500 m from burnt area of forest fires in Zhouning,Fujian were taken.The coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to detect contents of elements including P,K,Ca,Mg,B,Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn,Na,Al and Ni.The relationships and changes in their contents before and after the fire were analyzed.【Result】The contents of most elements (B,Mn,Ca,Cu,Zn and Ni) reached maximum in the first year after a fire,and minimum values appeared in the second year.In burnt area,forest fires had significant influence on contents of B and Mn.Contents of B and Mn were significantly different before and after fires.Mn content before fire years was negatively correlated with that in fire years,but positively correlated with that in the first year after fires.There was a strong correlation between B and Mn contents in the fire years.The distance between collected samples and the fire burnt area significantly impacted contents of Ca,Fe,Ni,Cu and Zn of the tree rings.Farther distances from the fire burnt area led to larger variations in contents of Fe,Ni,Cu and Zn before and after fires as well as higher correlation in contents of Cu and Zn between the year before fires and the fire years.It also caused higher correlation of contents of Fe,Ni,Cu and Zn between the year before fires and the second year after fires.【Conclusion The changes of chemical elements in tree rings can be used as tracers for understanding historical forest fires. |
| Key words: forest fire forest fire history tree ring chemical elements Cryptomeria fortunei |
