| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同保鲜剂对芍药切花的保鲜效果，为芍药切花保鲜提供理论基础。【方法】以芍药品种小藕为材料，以3 g/L蔗糖溶液为基础液和对照（CK），以切花盛开时间为主要评价指标，通过单因素试验研究GA3、IBA、6-BA 3种植物激素（50，100，150，200 mg/L），Alum（50，100，150，200 mg/L）、8-HQ（150，200，250，300 mg/L）、GO（0.1，1.0，10.0，100.0 mg/L）3种杀菌机，ASA、CA、SA 3种有机酸（150，200，250，300 mg/L），CaCl2、NaCl、KCl 3种无机盐（1 000，1 500，2 000，2 500 mg/L）对芍药切花的保鲜作用。在单因素试验基础上，分别从同类型保鲜剂中选出最佳试剂及其最适质量浓度，运用响应面法分析GO、GA3、CA保鲜剂组合对芍药切花盛开时间的影响。在响应面试验基础上，研究乙烯利（ETH）与乙烯抑制剂硫代硫酸银（STS）对芍药切花衰老进程的影响，探讨小藕对乙烯的敏感性，以获得优化后保鲜剂组合。利用优化前、后的保鲜剂组合处理芍药切花，测定花瓣相对含水量、游离脯氨酸（Fpro）含量、可溶性蛋白（Spro）含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。【结果】在各类保鲜剂中，当GA3、GO、CA、CaCl2质量浓度分别为150，10，150，1 000 mg/L时，芍药切花盛开时间均最长，分别为4.2，4.3，3.2，4.1 d。选取GA3、GO、CA进行响应面试验，获得以上3个保鲜剂最佳质量浓度分别为109.29，7.39，93.79 mg/L，在此保鲜剂组合处理下，芍药切花实际盛开时间延长至5.6 d；小藕品种对25~75 mg/L的乙烯利均比较敏感，使用乙烯抑制剂STS能有效延长盛开时间；添加STS后优化的保鲜剂组合为：109.29 mg/L GA3+7.39 mg/L GO+93.79 mg/L CA+0.463 mmol/L STS，该组合可提高花瓣相对含水量、Spro含量及SOD活性，缓解Fpro和MDA积累，使芍药切花盛开时间达到6.4 d。【结论】获得基于GA3、GO、CA、STS的芍药切花优化保鲜剂组合，该组合可延缓芍药切花衰老。 |
| 关键词: 芍药切花 切花衰老 保鲜剂 单因素试验 响应面试验 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目“设施四季牡丹与切花芍药现代栽培体系关键技术研发及示范”（2020ZDLNY01-04）；陕西省林业厅重大科技攻关项目“陕西省牡丹芍药花卉产业发展技术研究”（陕华字［2017］招第129号） |
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| Effects of different fresh-keeping agents on senescence of cut herbaceous peony flowers |
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SI Shiying,NIU Lixin,ZHANG Yanlong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The impacts of fresh keeping agents on postharvest senescence of cut herbaceous peony flowers were investigated to improve the preservation of cut herbaceous peony flowers.【Method】Herbaceous peony cultivar Xiaoou was selcted for test using 3 g/L sucrose as base solution and control (CK) and blooming days as main evaluation index.Through single-factor experiments,effets of three phytohormones of GA3,IBA and 6-BA (50,100,150 and 200 mg/L),three germicides of Alum (50,100,150 and 200 mg/L),8-HQ (150,200,250 and 300 mg/L) and GO (0.1,1.0,10.0 and 100.0 mg/L),three organic acids of ASA,CA and SA (150,200,250,300 mg/L),and three inorganic salts of CaCl2,NaCl and KCl (1 000,1 500,2 000 and 2 500 mg/L) were studied.Based on the single-factor assay,the optimal preservative and concentration were selected and the response surface method was used to analyze the influence of preservative combination of GO,GA3 and CA.Based on the response surface assay,the impacts of ethrel (ETH) and ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulfate (STS) on senescing process of cut herbaceous peony flowers were evaluated,and the sensitivity of Xiaoou to ethylene was discussed to optimize the preservative combination.The preservative combinations before and after optimization were used to treat cut flowers and contents of relative water,free proline (Fpro),soluble protein (Spro),and malondialdehyde (MDA),as well as activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in petals were determined.【Result】Among all types of preservatives,150 mg/L GA3,10 mg/L GO,150 mg/L CA and 1 000 mg/L CaCl2 had blooming days of 4.2,4.3,3.2,and 4.1,respectively.GA3,GO,and CA were further selected for response surface assay,and optimal concentrations were 109.29 mg/L,7.39 mg/L,and 93.79 mg/L,respectively.The combination of these three agents obtained a blooming time of 5.6 days.The cultivar of Xiaoou was sensitive to 25-75 mg/L ETH,and the treatment with ethylene inhibitor STS effectively extended flowering days.After the addition of STS,the optimized fresh keeping agent combination was 109.29 mg/L GA3+7.39 mg/L GO+93.79 mg/L CA+0.463 mmol/L STS.The optimized combination increased relative water content,Spro content and SOD activity,but reduced accumulation of Fpro and MDA in petals,which caused a blooming time of 6.4 days.【Conclusion】The optimized preservative combination based on GA3,GO,CA,and STS exhibited a more remarkable impact on delaying senescence of cut herbaceous peony flowers. |
| Key words: cut herbaceous peony flower senescence of cut flower fresh-keeping agent single-factor assay response surface assay |
