| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对采自福建省南平市浦城县的一株白色多孔菌DKJ进行鉴定和遗传多样性分析，探究该菌株的生物学特性，分析比较其菌丝体和子实体水提物的抗氧化活性及乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌活性，为奶油栓孔菌的进一步开发利用提供参考。【方法】采用形态学观察和rDNA ITS序列分析相结合的方法，对采集的多孔菌株DKJ进行鉴定；基于ITS1、5.8S、ITS2序列长度、GC含量和变异情况，对其遗传差异进行分析；以其菌丝生长速度为评价指标，通过单因素试验及正交试验筛选菌丝体最适生长条件；测定其菌丝体和子实体水提物对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除率及对铁离子的还原能力，评价奶油栓孔菌的抗氧化活性；测定奶油栓孔菌菌丝体和子实体乙酸乙酯提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈直径，评价其抑菌活性。【结果】形态学观察和rDNA ITS序列分析表明，该白色多孔菌为奶油栓孔菌（Trametes lactinea），不同地域奶油栓孔菌ITS1、5.8S、ITS2序列长度分别为165~233，158，187~198 bp；GC含量分别为46.77%~52.00%，46.20%~47.47%，50.76%~53.48%；ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列总变异率为6.44%，表明其在自然界中具有一定的遗传多样性。奶油栓孔菌菌丝生长的最适培养条件为：以蔗糖为碳源，酵母浸粉为氮源，pH=5，培养温度35 ℃。奶油栓孔菌菌丝体和子实体水提物均具有一定的抗氧化活性，质量浓度4 mg/mL的菌丝体水提物对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的清除率分别为99.05%,41.30%和82.09%,对铁离子的还原能力为211.90 μmol/L，均显著强于子实体时期。奶油栓孔菌菌丝体和子实体乙酸乙酯提取物均具有一定的抑菌活性，质量浓度15 mg/mL的子实体乙酸乙酯提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的抑制效果均优于菌丝体。【结论】奶油栓孔菌在自然界具有一定的遗传多样性，其菌丝体水提物的抗氧化活性强于子实体，而子实体乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌活性强于菌丝体。 |
| 关键词: 奶油栓孔菌 分类鉴定 遗传多样性 生物学特性 生物活性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0400200） |
|
| Identification and biological characteristics of Trametes lactinea |
|
HAO Jinbin,MENG Guoliang,WU Longyue,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】A white polypore collected from Pucheng,Nanping in Fujian Province was identified and analyzed for genetic diversity,and biological characteristics of mycelial growth of strain DKJ were explored.Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of its mycelium and fruiting body extracts were also analyzed and compared to provide basis for its further development and utilization.【Method】The white po-lypore was identified by morphological observation and rDNA ITS sequences.The lengths,GC contents and variations of ITS1,5.8S and ITS2 were analyzed and compared to investigate genetic diversity.Taking mycelium growth rate as evaluation index,optimum mycelium growth conditions were obtained by single factor test and orthogonal test.Antioxidant activity of mycelium and fruiting body extracts was evaluated by measuring their scavenging ability to hydroxyl radical,DPPH free radical and ABTS free radical as well as ferric ion reducing antioxidant power.Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus subtilis was determined by measuring their bacteriostatic zone diameters.【Result】The white polypore was identified as T. lactinea.The length variation ranges of ITS1,5.8S and ITS2 of T. lactinea from different areas were 165―233,158 and 187―198 bp,contents of GC were 46.77%―52.00%,46.20%―47.47% and 50.76%―53.48% and total variation rate of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence was 6.44%,indicating that T. lactinea had certain genetic diversity in nature.Single factor test and orthogonal test showed that the optimum culture conditions were sucrose as carbon source,yeast powder as nitrogen source,temperature 35 ℃ and pH 5.0.The water extracts of mycelium and fruiting body had antioxidant and bacteriostatic ability.Extracts of mycelium at concentration of 4 mg/mL had significantly stronger scavenging rates of hydroxyl radical（99.05%）,DPPH free radical（41.30%） and ABTS free radical （82.09%） as well as ferric ion reducing antioxidant power（211.90 μmol/L）than fruit body.The ethyl acetate extracts of mycelium and fruiting body also had bacteriostatic ability,and fruit body extracts had better inhibitory effects on S. aureus,P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis than mycelium at the concentration of 15 mg/mL.【Conclusion】T. lactinea had certain genetic diversity in nature.Water extracts from mycelium of T. lactinea had stronger antioxidant activity than fruit body,while ethyl acetate extracts of fruit body had stronger antibacterial activity than mycelium. |
| Key words: Trametes lactinea strain identification genetic diversity biological characteristics biological activity |
