| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析皖江地区生态用地的时空演化特征，并提出生态用地格局优化策略，为皖江地区生态用地保护、生态安全格局优化及实现区域可持续发展提供新思路和理论依据。【方法】利用1980-2018年皖江地区土地利用数据、交通数据、社会经济统计数据以及自然概况数据，通过统计分析法，提取皖江地区滁州、合肥、马鞍山、芜湖、宣城、安庆、铜陵、池州8个城市耕地、林地、草地、水域用地、建设用地、未利用地等6类用地面积并计算面积增长率；利用凸壳原理法识别皖江地区建设用地扩张模式及系数，利用空间分析法识别皖江地区生态用地并计算生态用地指数，基于最小累积阻力面和自然断点法构建皖江地区生态用地安全格局，并提出优化策略。【结果】（1）1980-2018年，皖江地区耕地和林地面积持续下降，分别减少了2 552.48和306.58 km2，草地、水域用地、建设用地、未利用地面积总体呈增加趋势。皖江地区建设用地加速扩张，其中合肥市最为明显，共增加了865.62 km2，宣城市、芜湖市、池州市建设用地扩张比例均超过100%，铜陵市建设用地扩张面积最小。（2）1980-2018年皖江地区平均生态用地指数为0.412，其中宣城市、安庆市、池州市生态用地指数均高于皖江地区平均水平，其他城市低于区域平均水平。1980-1990年和2000-2010年皖江地区生态用地指数均有所增加，而在1990-2000年和2010-2018年均有所下降，且后一阶段下降明显。（3）建设用地扩张与生态用地产生的冲突区域面积以合肥市最大，其次为芜湖市、马鞍山市和滁州市，铜陵市冲突区域面积最小，仅有81.18 km2。【结论】通过合理选择建设用地扩张空间、差异化保护生态用地斑块、加强生态用地间廊道连接可促进区域生态用地空间格局优化，是维护皖江地区生态用地系统安全的有效途径。 |
| 关键词: 生态用地 空间格局优化 建设用地扩张 皖江地区 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41901151）；安徽省自然科学基金项目（1908085QD162） |
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| Evolution and optimization of ecological land pattern in the Wanjiang area based on expansion of construction land |
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WANG Xuewei,YU Li,WANG Shijun,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecological land in the Wanjiang area and proposed an optimization strategy for ecological land pattern to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for ecological land protection,ecological security pattern optimization and sustainable development.【Method】Using land use data,traffic data,socio economic statistics and natural profile data in the Wanjiang area from 1980 to 2018 and statistical analysis method,the areas of 6 land use types including arable land,forest land,grassland,water land,construction land and unused land in Chuzhou,Hefei,Ma’anshan,Wuhu,Xuancheng,Anqing,Tongling and Chizhou were extracted and growth rates were calculated.The expansion mode and coefficient of construction land in Wanjiang area were identified using the convex hull principle method and the ecological land related index were obtained using spatial analysis method.At last,the ecological land security pattern in Wanjiang area was constructed based on the minimum cumulative resistance surface and natural breakpoint method,and optimization strategies were proposed.【Result】(1) From 1980 to 2018,the areas of arable land and forest land declined continuously by 2 552.48 and 306.58 km2,respectively.The areas of grassland,water area,construction land,and unused land showed an overall increasing trend.The expansion of construction land was accelerating,and Hefei was the most obvious with a total increase of 865.62 km2.The expansion ratios of construction land in Xuancheng,Wuhu and Chizhou all increased by over 100%,while the expansion of construction land in Tongling was the smallest.(2) The average ecological land index in the Wanjiang area from 1980 to 2018 was 0.412.The ecological land indexes in Xuancheng,Anqing,and Chizhou were all higher than the average in the Wanjiang area,while those of other cities were lower than the regional average.From 1980 to 1990 and 2000 to 2010,the ecological land index in Wanjiang area increased,while from 1990 to 2000 and 2010 to 2018,the ecological land index in Wanjiang area declined,and the decrease from 2010 to 2018 was significant.(3) The area with conflict between construction land expansion and ecological land was the largest in Hefei,followed by Wuhu,Ma’anshan and Chuzhou.The conflict area in Tongling was the smallest of only 81.18 km2.【Conclusion】Reasonable selection of expansion space for construction land, differential protection of ecological land patches,and strengthening of corridor connections between ecological land can promote the optimization of spatial pattern of regional ecological land,which is an effective way to maintain safety of ecological land system in the Wanjiang area. |
| Key words: ecological land spatial pattern optimization expansion of construction land Wanjiang area |
