| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对陕西境内秦巴山区5个不同地区采集的昆虫进行虫生真菌分离鉴定及多样性分析，为秦巴山区农林作物害虫的生物防治提供菌种资源。【方法】2018-2019年连续2年从陕西境内秦巴山区的留坝县、柞水县、凤县、周至县和鄠邑区5个地区，选择阔叶林、针叶林及低矮灌木等不同生境进行昆虫样本采集。在无菌操作条件下,利用孟加拉红培养基分离虫生真菌，采用形态学和分子生物学方法对虫生真菌进行鉴定，并采用Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数(Pielou)对秦巴山区虫生真菌的多样性进行分析。【结果】2018-2019年连续2年从陕西境内秦巴山区的留坝县、柞水县、凤县、周至县和鄠邑区共采集昆虫样本243只，归属于8个目。利用孟加拉红培养基从采集的243只昆虫表面和虫体中分离得到虫生真菌187株，经形态学和分子生物学鉴定归属于9目13科22属。优势目为丛梗孢目（Moniliales），共120株虫生真菌（占比64.17%），归属于2科9属，其中棒束孢属（Isaria）占比最大(占总数量的18.72%)。多样性分析结果表明，秦巴山区虫生真菌群落多样性丰富，但物种均匀度偏低，优势种属现象较为明显，有4个地区的优势菌均为棒束孢属（Isaria）。此外，5个昆虫采集地区虫生真菌群落具有一定的多样性，但单一地区物种分布的均匀程度较整体偏高。【结论】秦巴山区虫生真菌种类多、分布广，多样性较为丰富。 |
| 关键词: 秦巴山区 虫生真菌 生物农药 物种多样性 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目（2017NY-116);陕西省科学院一所一品专项（2018nk-01） |
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| Isolation,identification and diversity analysis of entomogenous fungi in Qinba Mountains |
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WANG Jun,ZHANG Kun,ZHANG Xu,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To explore the resources of entomogenous fungi for biological control of forest crop pests in Qinba Mountains,the insects were collected from 5 different areas within Shaanxi of Qinba Mountains for isolation,identification and diversity analysis of entomogenous fungi.【Method】In 2018-2019,insect samples were collected from different ecological environments of broad leaved forest,coniferous forest and low shrubs from 5 different areas in Qinba Mountains including Liuba,Zhashui,Fengxian,Zhouzhi and Huyi in Shaanxi.The entomogenous fungi were isolated under aseptic condition before being identified by morphology and molecular biology,and the diversity was analyzed by Simpson diversity index,Shannon Wiener index and Pielou index.【Result】Totally 243 insects were collected from Liuba,Zhashui,Fengxian,Zhouzhi and Huyi in Qinba Mountains area within Shaanxi in 2018-2019,and they belonged to 8 orders.A total of 187 strains of entomogenous fungi were isolated from 243 insects with Bengal red medium,belonging to 9 orders,13 families and 22 genera by morphology and molecular biology.The dominant fungus were Moniliales with 120 strains (64.17%),belonging to 2 families and 9 genera.Isaria was the largest genera,accounting for 18.72%.The diversity of entomogenous fungi in Qinba Mountains was rich,but the species evenness was low with significant dominant genera.Isaria was the dominant fungi in 4 areas.The 5 insects collection areas have a certain degree of diversity,but the species distribution evenness of a single area is higher than the overall.【Conclusion】There are various entomogenous fungi species in Qinba Mountainas with wide distribution and rich diversity. |
| Key words: Qinba Mountains entomogenous fungi biological pesticide species diversity |
