| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确枸杞干物质和氮磷钾周年动态累积规律，为枸杞施肥量和施肥时期的优化提供依据。【方法】以5年生宁杞7号整树为试材，采用树体分解法，分别于枸杞春梢期（4月）、花果期（5月）、盛果期（7月）、夏眠期（8月）、秋果期（9月）、休眠期（11月）整株挖取干周和树高相近的枸杞树各3株，分解为主干、枝条（分别按新生枝、1年生枝采集）、叶片、果实和根系样品，测定并分析其干物质及氮、磷、钾含量和累积量的动态变化。【结果】在枸杞周年生长过程中，干物质累积高峰集中在盛果期和秋果期；全物候期枸杞不同器官干物质累积量从高到低依次为：果实>主干>叶片>根系>新生枝>1年生枝。枸杞叶片、果实中的氮、磷、钾含量显著高于其他器官;另外，枸杞叶片和果实中的氮、磷含量在春稍期、花果期较高，钾含量在花果期、秋果期较高。当经济产量为971.17 g/株时，枸杞氮、磷、钾累积量分别为72.80，11.87，32.62 g/株，累积高峰期出现在花果期和盛果期，其中新增氮、磷、钾累积量分别为58.41，7.98，27.19 g/株，多累积在果实、叶片中。【结论】宁杞7号枸杞每形成100 kg干物质，N、P（P2O5）、K（K2O）养分需要量分别为13.56～15.58，4.90～9.22和5.50～8.97 kg/hm2，需求质量比为1.00∶0.23∶0.48。应注意在干物质和养分累积的高峰期，即花果期、盛果期和秋果期保证养分供应充足。 |
| 关键词: 宁杞7号；养分年累积动态 枸杞栽培；植物营养 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:宁夏农林科学院科研项目（NKYZ-16-0906，NKYJ-18-17，NKYP-19-03） |
|
| Year round accumulation of dry matter and NPK of Lycium barbarum L. No.7 |
|
SUN Jiao,REN Fucong,CHEN Gang,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated year round dry matter and nutrient accumulation to provide basis for optimized fertilization of Lycium barbarum L.【Method】Barbarum No.7 at the age of 5 years was selected and samples were collected in spring shoot growth period (April),flower and fruit period (May),summer fruit period (July),summer dormancy period (August),autumn fruit period (September) and dormancy period (November).Three trees with uniform heights and trunk diameters were dug out from soil at each sampling time,and divided into fruit,leaves,new shoots,1-year-old shoots,trunk and roots for determination of dry matter as well as contents of N,P and K.【Result】The accumulation of dry matter in annual growth of L. barbarum mainly concentrated in the full fruit stage and autumn fruit stage.The dry matter accumulation of different components was in the order of trunk>roots>fruits>leaves>new shoots>1-year-old shoots.Contents of N,P and K in leaves and fruits of L. barbarum were significantly higher than those in other components.Contents of N and P in leaves and fruits were higher in the early spring and fruiting stage,while contents of K were higher in the fruiting stage and autumn fruit stage.When economic output was 971.17 g/plant,the accumulation amounts of N,P and K in L. barbarum were 72.80,11.87,and 32.62 g/plant.Peak accumulation occurred in the flowering and fruit stage and full fruit stage.Among them,accumulation amounts of N,P and K were 58.41,7.98,27.19 g/plant,mostly in fruits and leaves.Fruits and leaves were the main nutrient output.【Conclusion】The amounts of N,P2O5,and K2O required by L. barbarum for producing 100 kg fruit were 13.56－15.58,4.90－9.22,and 5.50－8.97 kg/hm2.The ratio of nutrients required by L. barbarum was m(N)∶m(P)∶m(K) was 1.00∶0.23∶0.48.Fertilization is suggested in the peak period of dry matter and nutrient accumulation,including flower and fruit period,full fruit stage and autumn fruit stage. |
| Key words: Lycium barbarum L.No.7 annual nutrient accumulation dynamics Lycium barbarum cultivation plant nutrition |
