| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确蜂糖李花粉活力影响因素和贮藏特性，为蜂糖李花粉的保存提供支持。【方法】以蜂糖李花粉为研究对象，青脆李花粉为对照，采用离体培养萌发法,研究不同质量浓度蔗糖、H3BO3、植物生长调节剂(NAA、GA3和6-BA)以及不同贮藏方式(4 ℃低温干燥、-20 ℃冷冻干燥及蔗糖密封保存)对2种李花粉活力的影响。【结果】蜂糖李和青脆李花粉萌发及花粉管生长的最佳培养基组合为150 g/L蔗糖＋0.10 g/L H3BO3＋10 g/L琼脂，在此条件下花粉萌发率分别为53.68%和57.06%，花粉管长度分别为1 554.70和1 353.43 μm，均无较大差异。10~30 mg/L NAA能极显著提高蜂糖李的花粉萌发率；但所有NAA处理均极显著抑制其花粉管的生长；不同质量浓度GA3均可极显著促进蜂糖李花粉的萌发，且20和50 mg/L GA3可极显著促进其花粉管生长；5~10 mg/L 6-BA能极显著提高蜂糖李花粉萌发率，质量浓度达20 mg/L时会极显著抑制其花粉管伸长。蔗糖密封保存能有效减缓2种李花粉活力的下降速度，延长花粉贮藏时间;贮藏至20 d时，蔗糖密封保存的蜂糖李花粉萌发率(39.54%)分别是4 ℃低温干燥保存、-20 ℃冷冻干燥保存的2.11和1.94倍。【结论】蜂糖李最适花粉萌发和花粉管生长培养基组分为150 g/L蔗糖＋0.10 g/L H3BO3＋10 g/L琼脂；GA3是最适宜的植物生长调节剂，20和50 mg/L GA3能同时促进蜂糖李花粉萌发和花粉管生长；花粉保存以蔗糖密封保存方式为宜。 |
| 关键词: 蜂糖李；花粉活力；离体萌发；花粉管长度 花粉保存 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技支撑计划项目（黔科合支撑［2016］2521号）;贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL［2017］009) |
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| Pollen in vitro germination and vitality storage of Fengtang plum |
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GAO Qian,HUANG Bang,ZHANG Anping,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study clarified factors affecting pollen viability and storage characteristics to improve storage of Fengtang pollen.【Method】Fengtang plum pollen was studied using Qingcui plum as control.The effects of sucrose,H3BO3,plant growth substances (NAA,GA3 and 6-BA) at different concentrations and storage methods (4 ℃ low temperature drying preservation,-20 ℃ freeze dried preservation and sucrose sealing) on pollen activity were studied using pollen in vitro culture.【Result】The most suitable medium for pollen germination rate and pollen tube length of Fengtang and Qingcui plum was 150 g/L sucrose＋0.10 g/L H3BO3＋10 g/L agar.The obtained germination rates of Fengtang and Qingcui plum were 53.68% and 57.06% and pollen tube lengths were 1 554.70 μm and 1 353.43 μm,respectively.There was no significant differences in germination rate and pollen tube length of Fengtang and Qingcui plum.NAA with concentrations of 10-30 mg/L significantly improved germination of Fengtang plum,while NAA significantly inhibited its pollen tube length;Different concentrations of GA3 very significantly promoted germination rate of Fengtang plum,and it improved pollen tube growth at concentrations of 20 and 50 mg/L.The 6-BA with concentrations of 5-10 mg/L very significantly promoted germination of Fengtang plum,while it inhibited pollen tube length at the concentration of 20 mg/L.Sucrose sealing can effectively reduce decrease of pollen vigor of Fengtang and Qingcui plum,and storage time was extended.Twenty days after sucrose sealed storage,Fengtang plum had the highest germination rate of 39.54%,which was 2.11 and 1.94 times higher than 4 ℃ and -20 ℃,respectively.【Conclusion】The optimal culture media for pollen germination rate and tube length of Fengtang plum was 150 g/L sucrose＋0.10 g/L H3BO3＋10 g/L agar.GA3 was the proper plant growth substance and it promoted germination rate and tube growth at concentrations of 20 and 50 mg/L.Sealing with sucrose was the optimal for pollen storage. |
| Key words: Fengtang plum pollen vitality in vitro germination pollen tube length pollen storage |
