| 摘要: |
| 【目的】比较3个杨树品种移栽后的生长特性，揭示一些杨树品种移栽造林后生长缓慢的原因。【方法】以欧美107杨（Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’）、小美旱杨（Populus popularis Hsü(1-0)）和毛白杨1316（Populus tomentosa ‘1316’）3个杨树品种为对象，2017年在观测全植株历经1个生长季后的地径、树高基础上，于2017-08-01和2017-09-14分别测定根、茎、叶生物量和叶面积,并于2017-08-30测定净光合速率和叶绿素含量（SPAD值），比较其相对生长速率(RGR)、净同化速率(NAR)、比叶面积(LSA)等指标。【结果】1）移栽1个生长季后，3个杨树品种地径、树高和生物量（包括茎、叶及植物整体）均表现为欧美107杨显著高于小美旱杨和毛白杨1316。2）欧美107杨相对生长速率显著高于小美旱杨和毛白杨1316，欧美107杨和毛白杨1316的平均叶面积均显著高于小美旱杨；三者净同化速率间差异显著，表现为小美旱杨＞欧美107杨＞毛白杨1316；小美旱杨和毛白杨1316的同化产物向茎的分配比例显著低于欧美107杨。3）欧美107杨和毛白杨1316的总叶面积、单叶面积和比叶面积均显著大于小美旱杨；三者叶片数量差异显著，表现为小美旱杨＞欧美107杨＞毛白杨1316；欧美107杨和小美旱杨的净光合速率和SPAD值均显著高于毛白杨1316。【结论】不同杨树品种生长特性取决于自身遗传特性，且移栽后生长缓慢的机制存在一定差别。 |
| 关键词: 杨树；缓苗期；生长特性 净同化速率；净光合速率 |
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| 基金项目:河北省林业科学技术研究项目“毛白杨缓苗期形成机理及缩短缓苗期关键技术”（1602477）；河北省林业和草原科学研究院重点研究项目“环保型毛白杨优良种质资源收集、保存及利用研究”（ZXZD2018001） |
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| Growth characteristics comparison of three poplar varieties after transplant |
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LIU Chunpeng,YAO Yunong,HUA Lei,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The growth characteristics of three poplar varieties were compared to reveal the reasons for low growth of some poplar varieties after transplant.【Method】After observing the growth of ground diameter and height of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’,Populus popularis Hsü(1-0) and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’ whole plants for one season in 2017,root,stem,leaf biomass and leaf area were measured on August 1 and September 14,and net assimilation rate and SPAD value were measured on August 30.Then relative growth rate (RGR),net assimilation rate (NAR) and specific leaf area (SLA) were calculated and compared to analyze growth and physiological indexes.【Result】(1) One growth season after transplanting,ground diameter,height and biomass (including stem and branch,leaf and total) of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’ were significantly higher than those of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0) and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’.(2) The relative growth rate of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’ was significantly higher than that of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0) and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’.Mean leaf areas of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’ and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’ were significantly higher than that of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0).Their net assimilation rates were significantly different with the decreasing order of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0)＞Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’＞Populus tomentosa ‘1316’.The allocation ratios to stem of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0) and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’ were significantly lower than that of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’.(3) The total leaf area,single leaf area and specific leaf area of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’ and Populus tomentosa ‘1316’ were significantly greater than those of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0).The leaf numbers were significantly different with decreasing order of Populus popularis Hsü(1-0)＞Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’＞Populus tomentosa ‘1316’.The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content（SPAD） of Populus×euramericana ‘74/76’ and Populus popularis Hsü(1-0) were significantly higher than those of Populus tomentosa ‘1316’.【Conclude】The growth characteristics of different poplar varieties were determined by their genetic characters,and their slow growth mechanisms were different. |
| Key words: poplar revival-time growth characteristics net assimilation rate net photosynthetic rate |
