| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究Iodent种质与我国玉米主要种质类群的杂种优势关系，为改良我国早熟类玉米种质基础提供理论依据。【方法】将20份Iodent自交系与4份我国玉米主要种质类群的骨干自交系PH4CV、铁C8605-2、昌7-2和S122采用NCⅡ设计组配80份杂交组合，进行2年田间试验，在成熟期收获中间行中间位置10株果穗进行室内考种，分析Iodent自交系与4份主要种质类群骨干自交系的杂种优势关系。【结果】2017-2018年田间试验结果表明，玉米单株产量及其构成因子综合性状一般配合力（GCA）效应表现较大的群体为I112、I125、I126和I128。玉米单株产量特殊配合力（SCA）效应表现最大的组合为S122×I132，效应值为14.10;位列第2-5位的组合依次为PH4CV×I120（8.23）、S122×I123（7.38）、铁C8605-2×I127（7.15）和S122×I126（7.06）;而组合铁C8605-2×I123的SCA效应值最小，为-12.12。以所配组合单株产量SCA效应值为依据进行分类，选择数值最小的SCA 作为划分类群的依据，结果显示I112、I119、I130属于Lancaster类群，I123、I125、I126、I133属于塘四平头类群，I128、I131、I132、I134属于Reid类群，I114、I117、I118、I120、I121、I122、I124、I127、I129属于旅大红骨类群。Iodent种质自交系在我国早熟玉米区主要杂种优势利用途径有旅大红骨群×I132、Lancaster群×I120、Reid群×I118和塘四平头群×I127等。【结论】Iodent种质自交系与Lancaster、国内Reid、塘四平头和旅大红骨四大类群自交系杂交时单株产量杂种优势普遍存在，其中与旅大红骨类群杂种优势最强。 |
| 关键词: 早熟玉米 Iodent种质 杂种优势 配合力 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:吉林农业科技学院博士（人才）科研启动基金项目（吉农院合字［2018］第5002号）；吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术研究项目（JJKH20190979KJ）；作物遗传育种科技创新团队项目 |
|
| Heterosis relationship of early maturity Iodent germplasm and main maize inbred lines in China |
|
JIANG Long,CHEN Dianyuan,ZHOU Lan,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the heterosis relationship between Iodent germplasm inbred lines and main germplasm groups in China to provide basis for improving germplasm basis of early-maturing maize.【Method】Twenty Iodent inbred lines and four representative inbred lines of PH4CV,Tie C8605-2,Chang 7-2 and S122 from major species groups in China were crossed with 80 combinations designed by NC Ⅱ for a two-year field experiment.The heterosis relationship between the Iodent inbred lines and the backbone inbred lines was analyzed by indoor seed testing of 10 ears in the middle of the middle row at maturity stage.【Result】The general combining ability (GCA) effects of yield per plant and its components were large for I112,I125,I126 and I128.The highest special combining ability (SCA) effect value of 14.10 for per-plant yield was in S122×I132 combination,followed by PH4CV×I120 (8.23),S122×I123 (7.38),Tie C8605-2×I127 (7.15) and S122×I126 (7.06),respectively.The SCA effect of combination Tie C8605-2×I123 was only -12.12.According to the special combining ability effect value of yield per plant,the SCA with the smallest value was selected as the basis for classification.I112,I119 and I130 belonged to Lancaster group,I123,I125,I126 and I133 belonged to Tangsipingtou group,I128,I131,I132 and I134 belonged to Reid group,and I114,I117,I118,I120,I121,I122,I124,I127 and I129 belonged to Lüda Red Bone group.The main heterosis utilization ways of Iodent germplasm inbred lines in early maturity maize areas in China were Lüda Red Bone group×I132,Lancaster group×I120,Reid group×I118,and Tangsipingtou group×I127.【Conclusion】The heterosis of yield per plant was obtained when Iodent germplasm inbred lines crossed with Lancaster,Reid,Tangsipingtou and Lüda RedBone group inbred lines,and the heterosis with Lüda RedBone group was the strongest. |
| Key words: early-maturing maize Iodent germplasm heterosis combining ability |
