| 摘要: |
| 【目的】设计日光温室主动蓄放热冠层增温系统（Active heat storage-release system for canopy warming，AHSCW）并进行实地试验，分析该系统对番茄冠层的增温效果，为进一步探讨主动蓄放热热能的高效应用方式和作物局部增温系统的设计提供参考。【方法】在第六代主动蓄放热系统基础上设计AHSCW，以太阳能为热源，白天通过水循环将太阳能以热能的形式收集于蓄热水池内，夜间通过冠层增温管道释放热量，对番茄冠层进行局部增温。以使用AHSCW的日光温室为试验温室，未加温的日光温室为对照温室，通过测定太阳辐射强度、番茄冠层空气温度、水温及水泵耗电量参数及不同时期番茄的株高、茎粗和产量，对系统的增温效果进行测试与分析。【结果】白天AHSCW的蓄热量为166～194 MJ，夜间放热量为129～142 MJ，能量利用效率为67%～86%；该系统能够提高番茄冠层区域气温1.4～3.0 ℃；AHSCW温室果实产量为1.14 kg/m2，是对照温室（0.64 kg/m2）的1.77倍。【结论】AHSCW可以明显提高番茄冠层气温，保证番茄的越冬生产，促进番茄生长，增加其产量并可使果实提前成熟上市。 |
| 关键词: 日光温室 主动蓄放热系统 冠层增温 番茄栽培 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项（Y2019XK21-03）; 科技部国际科技合作专项（KY201702008） |
|
| Performance of an active heat storage-release system for canopy warming in solar greenhouse |
|
MA Qianlei,YANG Qichang,KE Xinglin,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】An active heat storage-release system for canopy warming (AHSCW) was designed and tested in a Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG) to provide reference for further exploring efficient energy application way in active heat storage release system (AHS) and designing crop heating system.【Method】The AHSCW used solar energy as heat source and was based on the sixth generation of AHS.It was placed on the north wall to collect the heat energy by water recycling during the day and heat was released by the pipes through the canopy at night to heat tomato canopy partially.One CSG without this system was used as control,the heating effect of AHSCW was analyzed by testing parameters including solar radiation intensity,canopy air temperature,water temperature and pump power consumption as well as tomato plant height,stem diameter and yield in different periods.【Result】The daytime heat storage of AHSCW was 166-194 MJ,the nighttime heat energy released was 129-142 MJ,and the energy utilization efficiency was 67%-86%.The canopy temperature of tomato was increased by 1.4-3.0 ℃.The yield of tomatoes in AHSCW greenhouse was 1.14 kg/m2,which was 1.77 times than that of the control (0.64 kg/m2).【Conclusion】Application of AHSCW increased air temperature of canopy,avoided low temperature damage,enhanced the production and advanced the mature of tomatoes. |
| Key words: greenhouse active heat storage-release system canopy warming tomato cultivation |
