| 摘要: |
| 【目的】综合评价糜子品种资源对黑穗病的抗性，筛选抗病资源，建立黑穗病田间评价鉴定体系。【方法】以301份糜子种质资源为材料，采用人工饱和接种法，于2017-2018年连续两年对糜子资源进行黑穗病抗性鉴定，并对连续两年均表现高感和感病品种的农艺性状进行分析。【结果】301份糜子种质资源中抗黑穗病资源较少，其中连续两年均免疫品种10份，占3.32%，分别是五原小黄糜、狗尾蛋、紫秆红黍、一点黄黍、正宁红粘糜、灰糜子、夯糜子、B85-25、赤黍1号、陇糜2号；连续两年均高抗品种3份，占1.00%；连续两年均表现稳定抗病品种34份，占11.30%；一年表现抗病、一年表现高抗品种17份，占5.65%；连续两年均表现稳定感病和高感品种36份，占11.96%。高感和感病糜子资源农艺性状调查结果表明，糜子感染黑穗病后，株高降低、茎粗减小，分枝数、节数、叶片数增加，叶片叶绿素含量升高，穗子畸形，整个植株表现为矮化型、小叶丛生型、丛枝型。【结论】表现免疫、高抗、抗病糜子资源可用于糜子育种和品种改良；在生产中，可利用株高、茎粗、分枝数、节数、叶片数、穗形对糜子黑穗病进行快速鉴定。 |
| 关键词: 糜子育种 黑穗病 农艺性状 抗病鉴定 品种资源 |
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| 基金项目:国家谷子高粱产业技术体系项目（CARS-06-A26）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD07B03）；国家自然科学基金项目（31371529）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2014KTZB02-03）；陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系项目（2009-2018） |
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| Field identification and evaluation of smut resistant broomcorn millet resources based on agronomic traits |
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LIU Yuanxia,ZONG Guohao,WU Enguo，et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the resistance of broomcorn millet resources to smut disease,screen disease resistance resources,and establish a field evaluation system for smut disease.【Method】A total of 301 core broomcorn millet resources were used for artificial saturation inoculation.For two years in a row during 2017-2018,the powdery fungus was identified for the resistance to smut,and the agronomic traits of high sensitivity and susceptible varieties were analyzed.【Result】Among the 301 materials,there were fewer disease-resistant resources,among which 10 were immunized for both years,accounting for 3.32%.The resources were Wuyuanxiaohuangmi,Gouweidan,Ziganhongshu,Yidianhuangshu,Zhengninghongnianmi,Huimizi,Hangmizi,B85 25,Chishu 1,and Longmi 2.There were three high resistance varieties for two years,accounting for 1.00%.There were 34 resistant varieties for two years,accounting for 11.30%.There were 17 varieties with one year resistance to disease and one year high resistance,accounting for 5.65%.There were 36 lice with stable performance and high-sensitivity in two years,accounting for 11.96%.Agronomic traits of broomcorn millet resources showed that after smut infection,the plant height and stem diameter decreased,the number of branches,nodes and leaves increased,the chlorophyll content of the leaves increased,and the spike were deformed.The whole plants were dwarf-type,small leaf cluster type,or arbuscular type.【Conclusion】Broomcorn millet resources with characteristics of immune,high-resistance and disease-resistant can be used for breeding and variety improvement.In production,plant height,stem diameter,numbers of branches,nodes and leaves,and spike shape can be used to rapidly identify smut in broomcorn millet. |
| Key words: broomcorn millet breeding head smut agronomic traits resistance identification varieties resources |
