| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析氯氧消毒剂对设施土壤生物学性质的影响，以明确氯氧消毒剂的作用机理，为其推广应用提供理论依据。【方法】采用多点、多作物比较试验，以西安、渭南2个市9个试验点种植年限10～15年大棚的设施土壤为研究对象，以不进行任何消毒处理的土壤为空白对照，分析氯氧消毒剂处理（DT）对设施番茄、黄瓜、甜瓜产量的影响，并分析土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌数量，细菌与真菌数量比值（B/F值）以及土壤酶活性的变化。【结果】由各试验点作物产量的平均值可知，氯氧消毒剂处理作物的产量较空白对照均增加，其中番茄和甜瓜产量明显增加，差异达到了显著水平；而黄瓜产量虽有所增加，但差异未达到显著水平。与空白对照相比，氯氧消毒剂处理总体均降低了设施黄瓜、番茄、甜瓜土壤中的细菌、真菌数量，提升土壤中B/F值，优化了微生物菌群结构；但是放线菌数量无明显的变化规律。与空白对照相比，氯氧消毒剂处理可有效提高土壤脲酶活性，对土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性影响较小。【结论】氯氧消毒剂处理对土壤细菌、真菌灭菌效果较明显，对放线菌灭菌效果不强，能有效调节和改善土壤微生物群落结构，可减缓设施土壤由“细菌型”向“真菌型”转化速率，提高土壤脲酶活性，从而促进作物产量增加，对设施土壤起到很好的消毒灭菌作用，从而可防止设施栽培的土壤连作障碍。 |
| 关键词: 氯氧消毒剂 设施土壤 生物学性质 土壤微生物 土壤酶活性 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省农业厅农业综合开发办公室项目“设施蔬菜土壤保健修复技术研究与应用”（K403021411） |
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| Effect of chlorine-oxygen disinfectant on biological properties of facility soil |
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QIN Shaolong,QI Qiaowei,LIU Jie,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study clarified the mechanism of chlorine oxygen disinfectant and its effect on biological properties of facility soil to improve its application.【Method】Through comparative test,soils from 9 sheds at the age of 10-15 years were analyzed in Xi’an and Weinan.The effects of chlorine oxygen disinfectant on yields of tomato,cucumber and muskmelon and the changes in soil bacteria,actinomycetes,fungi,bacteria and fungi ratio (B/F) as well as soil enzyme activities were analyzed.【Result】Disinfection treatment improved the yields of crops with significant increases in tomato and muskmelon and insignificant increase in cucumber.The disinfection treatment could effectively kill bacteria and fungi in soil,improve B/F ratio,and optimize the microbial community structure.Disinfection treatment also effectively improved the activity of soil urease,but had little effect on soil sucrase and catalase activities.【Conclusion】Soil disinfection treatment can effectively regulate and improve soil microbial community structure,improve soil urease activity,and increase crop yield.It has good disinfection effect on facility soil and prevent continuous cropping obstacle in vegetable facility cultivation. |
| Key words: chlorine oxygen disinfectant facility soil biological properties soil microorganism soil enzyme activities |
