| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同砧木对线辣椒嫁接植株生长状况的影响，为筛选适宜陕西关中地区线辣椒嫁接的砧木品种提供理论依据。【方法】以线辣椒品种辛香8号和多娇为接穗，分别与半野生砧木野立姆、格拉夫特、部野丁和富根卫士进行嫁接，并分别以辛香8号和多娇自根苗为对照，研究嫁接植株的生长势、光合特性和根系特性的变化。【结果】嫁接植株（除辛香8号和多娇与富根卫士嫁接外）的茎粗、最大叶面积和株幅无明显变化，始花节位降低。以野立姆作砧木，2个线辣椒品种株高显著增加；到生长后期叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率高于对照，根系与地上部鲜干质量、根长、根体积、根表面积、根尖数、根分枝数和根交叉数显著增加；辛香8号嫁接苗根直径显著降低，多娇嫁接苗稍有降低。以格拉夫特作砧木，到生长后期2个线辣椒品种的株高显著增加，仅次于野立姆，两处理间差异不显著；叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率达到最高，根系鲜质量、地上部鲜干质量显著增加，但低于野立姆；根系干质量变化不显著，根长、根体积显著增加，根直径增加但未达显著性差异；辛香8号嫁接苗的根表面积、根尖数、根分枝数和根交叉数稍有增加，多娇嫁接苗根表面积、根尖数和根交叉数稍有降低，根分枝数显著降低。以部野丁作砧木，到生长后期2个线辣椒品种的株高、根系与地上部鲜干质量、根长和根体积均有增加，但低于格拉夫特；根表面积、根尖数、根分枝数和根交叉数均有增加，但低于野立姆；叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率增幅高于对照；以富根卫士作砧木，多项指标显著降低，影响线辣椒的正常生长发育。【结论】对于所选用的2个接穗品种而言，以野立姆和格拉夫特为砧木的嫁接效果较好，可以提高线辣椒品种的光合作用，促进根系生长，增强植株长势。 |
| 关键词: 线辣椒 嫁接砧木 生长势 光合特性 根系特性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015KTCL02-20)；陕西省辛辣蔬菜产业技术体系项目（2017-74）；国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目（CARS-23-G22） |
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| Effects of grafting with different rootstocks on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Xianlajiao chili pepper |
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ZHANG Yongxiang,REN Miao,HONG Yintian,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In this trial,the effect of different rootstocks on plant growth and development of two varieties of grafted Xianlajiao chili pepper was studied to provide basis for the selection of rootstocks suitable for Xianlajiao chili pepper in Guanzhong,Shaanxi.【Method】Two Xianlajiao chili pepper varieties,Xinxiang No.8 and Duojiao,were grafted onto 4 semi-wild varieties of wild pepper including Yelimu,Gelafute,Buyeding and Fugenweishi.Using the original Xinxiang No.8 and Duojiao as control,the changes in growth,photosynthetic characteristics and root characteristics were analyzed.【Result】For grafted plants,the stem diameter,maximum leaf area and plant width of Xianlajiao chili pepper (except for grafting combinations of Xinxiang No.8 and Duojiao with Fugenweishi as the rootstock) did not change significantly, and the initial flowering nodes decreased.With Yelimu as the rootstock,the plant height of the two varieties increased significantly.By the late stage,the leaf chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were higher than that of the control,while the fresh and dry weights of root and overground part,the root length,root volume,root surface area,root tips,furcation number and cross number of root increased significantly.The root diameter of grafted seedlings for Xinxiang No.8 and Duojiao reduced significantly and slightly,respectively.The plant heights of the two varieties increased significantly with Gelafute as the rootstock,second to Yelimu without significant difference.The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of leaves reached the highest with Gelafute.The fresh weight of root as well as fresh and dry weights of the ground increased significantly,but dry weight of root did not change significantly.The root length and root volume increased significantly,while the root diameter increased insignificantly.Root surface area,root tips,root furcation number and cross number of Xinxiang No.8 grafted seedlings increased slightly.Root surface area,root tips,and root cross number of Duojiao grafted seedlings decreased slightly, and the furcation number of root decreased significantly.With Buyeding as rootstocks,the plant height,the fresh and dry weights of root and overground part,root length and root volume of two varieties increased at late growth stage,but lower than with Gelafute.Root surface area,root tips,root furcation number and cross number increased,but below that of Yelimu.The chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of leaves increased more than the control.Using Fugenweishi as rootstock,multinomial index decreased significantly,which affected the normal growth and development of Xianlajiao chili pepper.【Conclusion】Yelimu and Gelafute were better as rootstocks for Xinxiang No.8 and Duojiao in improving the photosynthesis and promoting plant and root growth of Xianlajiao chili pepper. |
| Key words: Xianlajiao chili pepper grafting rootstocks growth photosynthetic characteristics root characteristics |
