| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究卷心菜浆液对肉鸡肠道菌群的影响，为卷心菜浆液作为天然绿色饲料添加剂的安全性评估提供参考。【方法】选取健康、体质量相近的1日龄肉仔鸡150只，随机分为3组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组鸡饲喂基础日粮，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组鸡分别饲喂添加15和20 g/kg卷心菜浆液的基础日粮，试验期42 d。于试验42 d屠宰，采集各组鸡肠道和盲肠内容物，分析卷心菜浆液对肉仔鸡生产性能、肠道发育和肠道菌群的影响。【结果】①与对照组相比，试验Ⅱ组肉仔鸡的平均日采食量、结束体质量和平均日增重均显著增加（P＜0.05）。②与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肉仔鸡的十二指肠绒毛长度和回肠平滑肌厚度显著提高（P<0.05）。③与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组肉仔鸡肠道菌群α多样性指数升高，试验Ⅱ组肉仔鸡α多样性指数降低，但差异均不显著（P>0.05）。④门水平上，与对照组相比，试验Ⅱ组变形菌门菌群的相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05），试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组放线菌门和软壁菌门的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。属水平上，与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组粪球菌属的相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05），柔嫩梭菌属、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014和双歧杆菌属的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ组的拟杆菌属、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005和Anaerofilum的相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05），柔嫩梭菌属、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014和Ruminiclostridium_9的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。⑤多样品比较分析表明，对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的菌群结构存在差异。【结论】饲粮中添加20 g/kg卷心菜浆液能够显著提高肉仔鸡生产性能，促进其肠道的发育，改变盲肠的菌群结构。 |
| 关键词: 卷心菜 肉仔鸡 肠道发育 盲肠菌群 |
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| 基金项目:河南省科技攻关项目(201210110300，15210211089)；河南牧业经济学院重点学科建设项目；河南牧业经济学院科研创新团队建设项目 |
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| Effect of cabbage slurry on intestinal development and cecum microflora of broilers |
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YANG Jianping,LI Xinfeng,ZHANG Yanping,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cabbage slurry on cecum microflora of broilers,which would provide reference for the safety assessment of cabbage slurry as a natural green feed additive.【Method】A total of 150 one-day-old broilers with similar health and weight were selected and divided into 3 groups randomly,with 5 replicates in each group and 10 broilers in each replicate.The control group was fed with basal diet.The experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were fed with the basal diet adding 15 and 20 g/kg cabbage slurry, respectively,and the experiment period was 42 days.The intestinal and cecal contents of each group were collected on day 42 of the experiment.Then,the effects of cabbage slurry on performance,intestinal development and intestinal flora of broilers were tested.【Result】① Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake,end weight and average daily gain of broilers in group Ⅱ were significantly increased (P<0.05).② Compared with the control group,the height of duodenal villi and the thickness of ileal smooth muscle in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly increased (P<0.05).③ Compared with the control group,the alpha diversity index of experiment group Ⅰ increased, while the alpha diversity index of experiment group Ⅱ decreased without significant difference (P>0.05).④ In the phyllum level,compared with the control group,the relative abundance of the Proteo bacteria was increased significantly in the experimental group Ⅱ(P<0.05).The relative abundances of actinomycetes and soft walled bacteria in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were decreased significantly (P<0.05).In the genus level of group Ⅰ,compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Coprococcus was increased significantly (P<0.05),while the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Bifidobacterium were decreased significantly (P<0.05).In the genus level of group Ⅱ,compared with the control group,the relative abundances of Bacteroides,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and Anaerofilum were increased significantly (P<0.05),while the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium,Ruminiclostridium_9,and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 were decreased significantly (P<0.05).⑤ Comparative analysis of multiple samples showed that there were differences in microbial structure between control group,group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ.【Conclusion】The addition of 20 g/kg cabbage slurry in the diet can significantly promote the development of intestinal tract in broilers and change the structure of the cecum microbe. |
| Key words: cabbage broilers intestinal development cecum microbe |
