| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同肥料与AM真菌配施对沙打旺品质的影响。【方法】以沙打旺（Astragalus adsurgens Pall.）牧草为宿主植物，选用摩西球囊霉（Glomus mosseae）作为AM真菌，并选用尿素、碳酸氢铵作为氮肥，磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙作为磷肥，氯化钾、硫酸钾作为钾肥，在施用以上肥料的基础上，分别设计接种AM真菌和不接种AM真菌2种处理，待植物生长6个月后，采集新鲜植株，测定全株的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、钙、磷和粗纤维含量；之后利用灰色关联度分析方法，对不同处理沙打旺的以上6种营养指标进行综合分析，从中筛选出对牧草品质影响显著的AM真菌与肥料类型组合。【结果】施用尿素、碳酸氢铵、磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙、氯化钾和硫酸钾时，接种AM真菌对沙打旺粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、钙、磷和粗纤维含量的影响有差异，其中粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量均以AM真菌与硫酸钾配施处理最高，分别为4.720，0.900 g/kg；灰分、钙含量以单施磷酸一铵处理最高，分别为10.060 g/kg和7 984 mg/kg；磷含量以AM真菌与碳酸氢铵配施处理最高，为861.9 mg/kg；粗纤维含量以单施氯化钾处理最高, 为6.815%。灰色关联度分析结果显示，不同处理关联度由高到低的顺序为硫酸钾与AM真菌配施处理>单施磷酸一铵处理>单施过磷酸钙处理>过磷酸钙与AM真菌配施处理>碳酸氢铵与AM真菌配施处理>单施氯化钾处理>单施尿素处理>尿素与AM真菌配施处理>氯化钾与AM真菌配施处理>磷酸一铵与AM真菌配施处理>单施碳酸氢铵处理>单施硫酸钾处理，可知硫酸钾与AM真菌配施处理沙打旺的品质最好，单施硫酸钾的最差；磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙分别与AM真菌配施处理沙打旺品质均低于单施磷酸一铵、过磷酸钙处理，说明 AM真菌抑制了2种磷肥的肥效。【结论】不同类型肥料与AM真菌配施对沙打旺牧草品质影响存在促生效应、抑制效应或中性效应，其中硫酸钾与AM真菌配施对改善沙打旺牧草品质具有良好的协同作用。 |
| 关键词: 沙打旺 AM真菌 施肥 品质 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD07B02) |
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| Effect of different fertilizers and AM fungi on quality of Astragalus adsurgens Pall |
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DUAN Yuanjun,WANG Baitian
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different fertilizers and AM fungi on plant quality of Astragalus adsurgens Pall.were studied.【Method】This study used Astragalus adsurgens as host plant,Glomus mossease as AM fungi,CO(NH2)2 and NH4HCO3 as nitrogen fertilizer,NH4H2PO4 and CaP2H4O8 as phosphate fertilizer,as well as KCl and K2SO4 as potash fertilizers.Two treatments with and without inoculation of AM fungi were designed.Six months after growth,fresh plants were collected to measure crude protein,crude fat,ash,calcium,phosphorus,and crude fiber contents.The grey correlation analysis method was used to comprehensively analyze the six nutritional indicators of different treatments, and the combination of AM fungi and fertilizer with significant impact was determined.【Result】The effects of AM fungi inoculation with CO(NH2)2,NH4HCO3,NH4H2PO4,CaP2H4O8,KCl,and K2SO4 on contents of crude protein,crude fat,ash,calcium,phosphorus and crude fiberb in forage grasses were different.The highest contents of crude fiber and crude protein were 4.720 and 0.900 g/kg with the combination of AM fungi and K2SO4.The highest ash and calcium contents were 10.060 g/kg and 7 984 mg/kg with NH4H2PO4.The highest phosphorus content was 861.9 mg/kg with AM fungi and NH4HCO3,and the highest fiber content was 6.815% with single KCl treatment.Grey correlation analysis showed that the correlation was in the order of combined application of K2SO4 and AM fungi treatment>single application of NH4H2PO4 treatment>single application of CaP2H4O8 treatment>combined application of CaP2H4O8 and AM fungi treatment>combined application of NH4HCO3 and AM fungi treatment>single application of KCl treatment>single application of CO(NH2)2 treatment>combined application of CO(NH2)2 and AM fungi treatment>combined application of KCl and AM fungi>combined application of NH4H2PO4 and AM fungi treatment>single application of NH4HCO3 treatment>single application of K2SO4 treatment.The combination of K2SO4 and AM fungi treatment had the best quality of A.adsurgens,while single application of K2SO4 had the worst.The quality of A.adsurgens in applications of NH4H2PO4 and CaP2H4O8 with AM fungi was lower than with NH4H2PO4 and CaP2H4O8,indicating that AM fungi inhibited the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizers.【Conclusion】Using different types of fertilizers with AM fungi had promoting,inhibiting or neutral effect on A.adsurgens,and K2SO4 and AM fungi had synergistic effects on improving A. adsurgens quality. |
| Key words: Astragalus adsurgens Pall AM fungi fertilization quality |
