| 摘要: |
| 【目的】观测不同猕猴桃品种在安康地区的物候期、生长特性、果实品质等指标，初步筛选适宜安康地区栽植的猕猴桃品种。【方法】分别以美味猕猴桃品种徐香、秦美和中华猕猴桃品种红阳、脐红、金艳、金桃、黄金果和华优为试验材料，全年统一管理，不施加植物激素调节剂，观测记录萌芽期、展叶期、盛花期、果实成熟期和落叶期5个关键生育时期，计算萌芽率、果枝率和坐果率3个生长特性指标，并测算果实果形指数、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C含量等果实品质指标，利用主成分分析法对不同品种猕猴桃在安康地区的生长表现进行综合性评价。【结果】引进的8个猕猴桃品种中，成熟最早的是红阳，成熟最晚的是秦美，两者相差51 d。脐红的萌芽率、果枝率和坐果率均最高，分别达到88.9%，94.5%和97.4%，秦美的萌芽率和果枝率最低，分别为43.2%和76.0%，红阳的坐果率最低，只有71.5%。在不使用植物激素调节剂的前提下，红阳的单果质量最大，达到105.14 g，金艳的单果质量最小，只有57.47 g；脐红的可溶性固形物含量最高，为18.4%；秦美的可滴定酸含量最高，为1.73%，红阳和金桃的可滴定酸含量最低，只有0.90%；红阳和脐红的固酸比都在15以上，属于口感偏甜的品种；维生素C含量最高的品种是徐香，为94.60 mg/hg，含量最低的品种是黄金果，为67.57 mg/hg；香气最为浓郁的品种是徐香。【结论】根据主成分分析结果并考虑成熟期，初步筛选出适宜安康地区栽种的猕猴桃品种有脐红、徐香和华优。 |
| 关键词: 猕猴桃 引种栽培 物候期 生长特性 果实品质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟科技项目（LM20150011） |
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| Growth performance of eight kiwifruit varieties in Ankang area of Shaanxi |
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LI Xia,LI Xuehong,PAN Xiaohong
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the phenophase,adaptability and fruit quality of 8 kiwifruit varieties in Ankang to screening preliminarily species that suitable for Ankang area.【Method】Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the quality of 8 kiwifruit varieties (Xuxiang,Qinmei,Hongyang,Qihong,Jinyan,Jintao,Huangjinguo and Huayou) based on the growth characteristics，and unified management for the whole year without applying plant hormone regulator,5 key growth period (rermination,leaf spreading,flowering,fruit maturity and deciduous period),and some fruit quality index like fruit shape index,soluble solid,titratable acid and vitamin C content.【Result】The mature time different between the earlist mature Hongyang and the latest maturity Qinmei was 51 days.In terms of growth characteristics,the germination rate,fruiting shoots and fruit setting rate of Qihong were the highest,the rates were 88.9%,94.5% and 97.4%,on the contrary,the germination rate and fruiting shoots of Qinmei were the lowest，only 43.2% and 76.0%.Fruit quality was determined without the use of plant hormone regulators,the result showed that Hongyang had the biggest size fruits with 105.14 g of single fruit weight,Jinyan was only 57.47 g.Qihong contained 18.4% of soluble solids which was the highest level;the titratable acid content in Qinmei was 1.73%(the highest one),Hongyang and Jintao had the lowest level；the solid acid ratio of Hongyang and Qihong are more than 15 which belong to sweet variety.Vitamin C content was very different among tested varieties.Specifically vitamin C in Xuxiang was highest with 94.60 mg/hg,and in Huangjinguo was the lowest with 67.57 mg/hg. Xuxiang was the most aromatic.【Conclusion】According to the results of principal component analysis and the maturation period,we screened out 3 adaptability quality varieties:Qihong,Xuxiang and Huayou in Ankang area. |
| Key words: kiwifruit introduction and cultivation phenological period growth characteristics fruit quality |
