| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究北方地区玉米主产区骨干自交系籽粒干物质积累的过程(即籽粒灌浆过程)，为优良自交系的选育提供依据。【方法】选用北方地区10个玉米骨干自交系（中早熟自交系A187，中熟自交系郑58、PH4CV、J9D207、KWCB1、KWMM31、HM12111，中晚熟自交系PH6WC，晚熟自交系昌7-2、M5972），研究骨干自交系百粒质量及灌浆速率的差异；应用Logistic模型对骨干自交系的籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合，比较不同自交系的灌浆参数；然后采用通径分析，研究百粒质量与灌浆活跃期和灌浆速率的关系。【结果】玉米自交系干物质积累随着授粉后时间推移而增加，呈“慢 快 慢”趋势。郑58的百粒质量在授粉后65 d最大、其次为HM12111、A187。10个骨干自交系灌浆速率差异显著，授粉后20~35 d的灌浆速率均值明显高于其他时间。Logistic模型较好地拟合了籽粒灌浆过程，确定了各骨干自交系的灌浆渐增期、快增期和缓增期。玉米骨干自交系百粒质量受灌浆速率和灌浆时间的影响，其中灌浆速率起决定作用。各骨干自交系百粒质量主要在灌浆快增期增加。灌浆活跃期及不同时期灌浆速率均对百粒质量有正向效应，其中灌浆快增期平均速率对百粒质量的正向效应最大。【结论】10个骨干自交系的平均灌浆速率以郑58、HM12111和A187较大，可在杂交种组配时充分合理地加以利用；通过提高灌浆快增期和渐增期平均速率，确保灌浆活跃期，相对延长快增期持续时间，可达到提高产量的目的。 |
| 关键词: 玉米自交系 灌浆特性 干物质积累 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101102-3);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20160204001NY,20170307009NY) |
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| Grouting characteristics of maize backbone inbred lines in north China |
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ZHOU Ting,XIE Yu,GAO Yue,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This research studied the process of grain dry matter accumulation (i.e.the grain filling process) in the backbone inbred lines in the main corn producing areas in the northern region of China to provide basis for the breeding of excellent inbred lines.【Method】Ten maize inbred lines (early maturing inbred line A187,middle maturing inbred lines Zheng 58,PH4CV,J9D207,KWCB1,KWMM31 and HM12111,late maturing inbred line PH6WC,and late maturing inbred lines Chang 7-2 and M5972) from northern China were selected to study the differences in 100-seed quality and filling rates.Logistic model was used to fit the grain filling process of the backbone inbred lines,and different filling parameters were compared. The path analysis was also used to study the relationship between the quality of 100 grains and the active period of grouting and the filling rate.【Result】Dry matter accumulation of maize inbred lines increased with time after pollination,showing a trend of “slow-fast-slow”.The differences in filling rates of the 10 backbone inbred lines were significant,and the filling rate 20 to 35 days after pollination was significantly higher than other times. Zheng 58 had the highest quality of 100 seeds 65 days after pollination,followed by HM12111 and A187. Logistic model well fit the grain filling process,and the grain filling early stage,middle stage and late stage were determined in all the inbred lines.The 100 grain mass of maize backbone inbred lines was affected by grain filling rate and grain filling time,and grain filling rate played a decisive role.The quality of 100 grains of each backbone inbred line mainly increased during the period of fast grain filling.The active period of grain filling and filling rate in different periods all had a positive effect on the quality of 100 grains,of which the mean grain filling rate of middle stage had the greatest effect on the quality of 100 grains.【Conclusion】The filling rate of 10 backbone inbred lines was larger than that of Zheng 58,HM12111 and A187,and could be fully and reasonably utilized when the hybrids were assembled.By increasing the mean grain filling rate of middle stage and early stage ensuring the active period of grain filling and relatively prolonging the duration of middle stage can achieve the purpose of increasing production. |
| Key words: maize lines grain filling dry matter |
