| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析重庆市綦江区松墨天牛种群发生动态及松材线虫病的灾变风险，为深入揭示该虫在当地的成灾机制及防控基础提供依据。【方法】对2015年和2016年APF I型诱捕器诱捕松墨天牛成虫数据、环境因子、天牛携带线虫数和携带线虫天牛数及枯死松树数量等指标进行统计分析，在此基础上评估了重庆市綦江区松材线虫病的灾变风险。【结果】在年发生总量上，2015年以古南街道松墨天牛种群诱集量最多，其次是三江镇；而2016年以北部林场最多，数量显著增加，其次是篆塘镇。在年发生动态上，2015年和2016年多数林场/镇成虫高峰期主要集中在6月30日至8月1日，但北部林场2016年为9月1日。按提取的3个主成分综合值排序，对天牛成虫发生量影响力由大到小的关键环境因子依次是林型、胸径、郁闭度和树高。由于总方差49.93%的贡献率来自第1主成分，因此从第1主成分看，影响力大小依次是胸径、树高和林型。各地天牛发生量与天牛携带的线虫数以及枯死松树数量均呈显著正相关关系，天牛携带的线虫数与枯死松树数量也呈显著正相关关系。聚类分析结果表明，北部林场、古南街道和篆塘镇15个村子在松材线虫病灾变风险方面明显地聚为3类，其中古南街道花坝村、连城村、清水村和南山村聚为一类，北部林场荣农村、十隆村、顺山村、可乐村、长春村、狮岭村以及篆塘镇铁马村、群乐村、联合村、珠滩村聚为一类，篆塘镇葡萄村独成一类，分别为松材线虫病主发区、高风险区和低风险区。【结论】重庆市綦江区松墨天牛种群呈加速扩散态势，松材线虫病在各环境因素作用下流行灾变的风险高，应加强检疫管理和提高综合防控技术。 |
| 关键词: 重庆市綦江区 松墨天牛 环境因素 种群动态 松材线虫病 风险评价 |
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| 基金项目:重庆市科委社会民生项目(CSTC2016SHMSZX80110) |
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| Risk assessment of pine wood nematode disease based on population dynamics and impact factors of Monochamus alternatus |
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PANG Shuai,CHEN Benwen,CHEN Guifang,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study analyzed population dynamics of Monochamus alternatus (MA) and the risk of pine wood nematode disease Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (BX) in Qijiang,Chongqing.【Method】Catastrophe risk evaluation of pine wood nematode disease was carried out on the basis of adult numbers of Monochamus alternatus trapped by APF-I trap,environmental factors,nematode numbers carried by the adults,adult numbers carrying nematode,and numbers of pine dying in Qijiang in 2015 and 2016.【Result】The Gulan town had the most MA in 2015,followed by the Sanjiang town while the Beibu forest farm had the most MA in 2016 followed by Zhuantang town.The peak period of adults was mainly from June 30 to August 1 in most forest farms and towns except that the Beibu forest farm had the peak on September 1,2016.Principal component analysis showed that the most important environmental factors were forest type,diameter at breast height,forest canopy closure and height of tree.The first principal component accounted for 49.93% of the total variance,indicating that the factor importance was in the order of diameter at breast height,height of tree and forest type.The adult numbers were significantly positive correlated with nematode numbers carried by adults, numbers of pine dying,and nematode numbers carried by adults.The catastrophe risk evaluation of BX grouped the 15 villages in Beibu forest farm,Gunan town and Zhuantang town into three groups of main hazard,high risk and low risk areas.【Conclusion】The population of MA showed an accelerated proliferation trend and the BX disease had high risk of prevalence in Qijiang,Chongqing. |
| Key words: Qijiang,Chongqing Monochamus alternatus environmental factors population dynamics pine wood nematode disease risk evaluation |
