| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究水杨酸（SA）处理后苹果灰霉病发生情况及与抗病性相关指标的变化，以探明SA对苹果灰霉病的抗性诱导机理，为苹果采后病害的防治提供参考。【方法】用150 mg/L水杨酸（SA）浸泡苹果果实20 min，以清水浸泡作为对照，20 ℃下放置2 d后接种灰霉病菌灰葡萄孢，接种后1~9 d，调查灰霉病的发病率和病斑直径，测定过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、几丁质酶（CHI）、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶（GLU）活性及总酚、类黄酮、丙二醛（MDA）含量。【结果】与对照相比，采后SA处理可有效降低接种后苹果灰霉病的发病率，尤其在接种前期（1~3 d）效果显著（P<0.05），并可显著抑制病斑直径扩展。同时，SA处理能够明显提高果肉组织中防御酶POD、PPO、PAL及抗病相关蛋白CHI和GLU活性，诱导抗病物质总酚和类黄酮的合成与积累，减少MDA的生成，从而有效抑制苹果采后灰霉病发生。【结论】SA通过促进防御酶活性、抗病相关蛋白活性升高，降低膜脂过氧化程度，增加抗病物质含量，从而增强苹果对灰霉病的抗性。 |
| 关键词: 苹果 水杨酸 灰霉病 诱导抗性 |
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| 基金项目:国家现代苹果产业技术体系建设专项（nycylx-08-05-02） |
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| Induced resistance of postharvest apples to Botrytis cinerea induced by salicylic acid treatment |
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SHI Yali,ZHOU Huiling,TANG Yongping,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study evaluated the occurrence of gray mold and resistance related indexes of postharvest apples treated by salicylic acid (SA) to research induced resistance mechanism of SA treatment and provide basis for the control of apple postharvest diseases.【Method】Apple fruits were dipped at 150 mg/L SA for 20 minutes before being inoculated with conidial suspension of Botrytis cinerea after two days storage at room temperature.The control was treated with distilled water.Incidence and lesion diameter,the activities of peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,chitinase,and β-1,3-glucanase,and contents of total phenolic compounds,flavonoids and MDA were measured after inoculation.【Result】Compared to the control,SA treatment effectively reduced the incidence and inhibited the expansion of lesion diameters of apple fruits after inoculation.At the earlier days,SA treatment significantly weakened the development of disease (P<0.05).The activities of POD,PPO,and PAL,and activities of resistance related proteins of CHI and GLU were promoted remarkably by SA treatment.The synthesis and accumulation of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids were induced,while MDA content was decreased by SA treatment.【Conclusion】The application of SA enhanced resistance to gray mold by heightening defense enzymes,increasing resistance related protein activities and the content of substances related to resistance,and reducing the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. |
| Key words: apple salicylic acid Botrytis cinerea induce resistance |
