| 摘要: |
| 【目的】观察桢楠木材宏观、微观构造并测定管孔、木纤维等结构参数，分析其构造特征参数在径向的变化规律。【方法】以四川省雅安市金凤寺的桢楠古树作为研究对象，选择生长状态良好且树龄100年以上的桢楠单株钻取木芯样，筛选后以树龄110年且完整无缺陷的树干木芯为研究样本，以5个年轮为1个单位对其进行宏观和微观构造及木纤维结构的径向变异研究。【结果】桢楠木材构造特征为心、边材区分不明显，材色黄色或深黄褐色；散孔材；轴向薄壁组织稀疏傍管状；射线细胞含油细胞，轴向薄壁细胞少见，导管分子偶见梯状复穿孔，导管内具有侵填体；导管内纹孔与管间纹孔为互列式，具缘纹孔；木射线细胞内常见的球形物可能为树胶类物质，块状物可能是含有钙盐的树胶。桢楠生长状况随着树龄的增长呈现出一定差异，其中管孔密度随着树龄的增加而波动下降；管孔弦向直径呈现波动上升趋势，在树龄35年之前迅速上升，35~105年平稳波动，之后迅速增加；纤维长度与宽度在树龄35年之前迅速增加，之后总体趋于平稳；胸径连年生长量在树龄10~40年增长较快，40年后呈波动下降模式，90~110年波动逐渐趋于平稳，但总体呈下降趋势。总体而言，桢楠在树龄35年前生长较快，而在35年后生长较为缓慢，在90年后开始逐渐趋于平稳，生长极为缓慢。【结论】树龄35年后野生桢楠材性趋于稳定，可用作家具与建材，并且其胸径连年生长量与管孔、纤维解剖参数及微纤丝角具有相关性。 |
| 关键词: 桢楠 木材构造特征 径向变异 微纤丝角 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2011BAC09B05）；四川省大学生创新性实验计划项目（1510626067） |
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| Wood characteristics and radial variations of Phoebe zhennan |
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YANG Jin,NING Liping,LIU Min,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The wood structure characteristic parameters of Phoebe zhennan along the radial direction were studied by observing the macro and micro structural characteristics and measuring the structural parameters of pore and wood fiber.【Method】Phoebe zhennan ancient woods in good growing conditions at the age of more than 100 years in Jinfeng Temple,Yaan,Sichuan were selected to get samples by drilling wood core.An intact trunk wood core without defects at the age of 110 years old was screened and its radial variations of macro,micro and wood fiber structure were studied using 5 annual growth rings as a unit.【Result】The distinction of heartwood and sapwood was not obvious and the wood color of P.zhennan in Jinfeng Temple was yellow or dark brown.The wood was diffuse-porous wood with scanty paratracheal type of wood axial parenchyma.Wood ray contained oil cells and axial parenchyma cells were rare.Scalariform multiple perforations were occasionally observed in vessel elements,and the vessels were filled with tylosis.Intravascular and intervascular bordered pits were alternate.The common globes in wood ray cells may be gum substances and the blocks may be gum containing calcium salt.The growth of national P.zhennan showed differences at different ages.From pith core to sapwood,the number of pore per 1 mm squares decreased in a fluctuation way with the increase of age.The pore tangential diameter outward from the pith presented a rising trend,reaching the maximum at the age of 35 years and reached steady state of fluctuation later.The maximum values of fiber length and width appeared at the age of 35 years,then decreased gradually and tended to be stable.Annual increment in radial growth of P.zhennan increased relatively rapidly in 10-40 years,decreased in a fluctuation way later,and gradually tended to be stable during 90-110 years with an overall downward trend.Generally,it had relatively rapid growth speed in the first 35 years,slow growth speed in the following 35 years,and stable and slow growth speed after 90 years.【Conclusion】The wood characteristics of national P.zhennan tended to become stable after 35 years,and could be used as furniture and building materials.The annual increment in radial growth were related with pores,fiber anatomical parameters and microfibril angle. |
| Key words: Phoebe zhennan wood characteristics radial variation microfibrillar angle |
