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基于旋转设计的番茄果实可滴定酸含量对土壤水分的响应
冯璞玉1, 陈 思1, 周振江,等1
西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院,旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室
摘要:
【目的】探究不同生育阶段土壤含水率对番茄果实可滴定酸含量的影响,为番茄生育期精确灌溉及优质生产提供参考。【方法】根据番茄的生长发育规律并结合第1穗果的发育动态,将番茄全生育期划分为苗期、始花结果期、果实生长初期、快速膨大期和品质形成期5个阶段,各阶段均设置5个不同的土壤含水率(12.0%~14.4%,14.4%~16.8%,16.8%~19.2%,19.2%~21.6%,21.6%~24.0%)进行水分控制,采用五元二次通用旋转组合设计进行盆栽试验,用NaOH滴定法测定番茄果实可滴定酸含量,建立果实可滴定酸含量与不同阶段土壤含水率的数学模型,并进行因子主效应、单因子效应、耦合效应分析及模型寻优。【结果】在快速膨大期进行土壤水分调控对番茄果实可滴定酸含量影响最大,品质形成期土壤水分调控的影响次之,苗期土壤水分调控的影响最小。其他生长阶段土壤含水率控制在16.8%~19.2%时,番茄果实可滴定酸含量随始花结果期、果实生长初期和快速膨大期土壤含水率增加呈先降低后升高趋势,随品质形成期土壤含水率增加呈开口向下的抛物线型变化,但不受苗期土壤含水率变化的影响。耦合效应分析表明,品质形成期与苗期、始花结果期土壤含水率对番茄可滴定酸的积累有正交互作用;苗期和始花结果期与果实生长初期、快速膨大期土壤含水率之间,以及快速膨大期与品质形成期土壤含水率之间有负交互作用。【结论】番茄苗期、始花结果期、果实生长初期、快速膨大期和品质形成期土壤含水率依次控制在18.6%~19.1%,18.8%~19.3%,18.5%~19.0%,18.7%~19.2%和18.4%~18.9%时,番茄可以获得较高的可滴定酸含量。
关键词:  番茄  可滴定酸  土壤含水率  生育阶段
DOI:
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基金项目:国家863计划项目(2011AA100504);国家自然科学基金项目(51279169)
Effect of soil water content on titratable acid content in tomato fruits based on rotatable design
FENG Puyu,CHEN Si,ZHOU Zhenjiang,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】The effect of soil water content on titratable acid content of tomato fruit was studied to provide reference for precision irrigation and high quality production.【Method】In this study,according to the growth of tomato and the development dynamic of the first spike fruits,tomato growth was divided into five stages,i.e.vegetative growth stage,blooming and fruit setting stage,early fruit growth stage,fruit development stage and fruit maturity stage. Each stage had five different soil moisture content levels (12.0%-14.4%,14.4%-16.8%,16.8%-19.2%,19.2%-21.6%,and 21.6%-24.0%).Quadratic general composite rotatable design method with five factors was used.Titratable acid content was determined with NaOH titration.A regression model on titratable acid in tomato fruits and soil water content at different growth stages was established.Main effects,single and coupling effects were analyzed and the model was optimized.【Result】Soil moisture regulation at fruit development stage had the biggest impact on titratable acid content followed by fruit maturity stage,while soil moisture regulation at vegetative growth stage had the least impact.Starting from 16.8%-19.2%,the titratable acid content decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of soil water content at blooming and fruit setting stage,early fruit growth stage,and fruit development stage.It showed a reverse trend with the increase of soil water content at fruit maturity stage but it was not affected by soil water content at vegetative growth stage.Coupling effect analysis shows that the interactions between soil water contents at fruit maturity stage and vegetative growth stage,as well as fruit maturity stage and blooming and fruit setting stage showed positive effects on titratable acid content in tomato fruits.The interactions between the soil water contents at vegetative growth stage and early fruit growth stage or fruit development stage were negative.The interactions between soil water contents at blooming and fruit setting stage and early fruit growth stage or fruit development stage as well as fruit development stage and fruit maturity stage were also negative.【Conclusion】High titratable acid content could be obtained if soil water contents are controlled at 18.6%-19.1%,18.8%-19.3%,18.5%-19.0%,18.7%-19.2% and 18.4%-18.9% for vegetative growth stage,blooming and fruit setting stage,early fruit growth stage,fruit development stage and fruit maturity stage,respectively.
Key words:  tomato  titratable acid  soil water content  growth stage