| 摘要: |
| 【目的】分析大兴安岭地区笃斯越橘叶片和根系矿质元素含量及根系集中分布层的土壤养分特性，明确土壤养分对笃斯越橘叶片及根系中矿质元素含量的影响。【方法】以大兴安岭地区水湿地有土壤类型、水湿地无土壤类型、水湿地沟谷草甸类型和山地类型中的笃斯越橘为研究对象，使用多元统计分析法，研究笃斯越橘叶片和根系中的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu含量与土壤有机质、全N、全P、全K、全Ca、全Mg、全Fe、全Mn、全Cu、碱解N、有效P、速效K含量及pH间的相互关系。【结果】（1）大兴安岭笃斯越橘分布区不同立地类型中的土壤养分含量差异显著（P<0.05）；立地类型对笃斯越橘叶片中N、P、K含量的影响较大，而叶片Ca、Mg及根系中各矿质元素含量受其影响相对较小；根系集中分布层的土壤养分含量丰度在植株体内具有一定程度的反应。（2）从叶片矿质元素间的相关性分析得知，叶片中N与K、Mn与Cu呈极显著正相关（r＝0.751**，r＝0.834**），Mn与N、Fe 呈显著正相关（r＝0.586*，r＝0.566*）；简单相关分析结果表明，土壤养分含量与笃斯越橘植株矿质元素相关性复杂，仅得到叶片N、根系N和根系Fe与其对应土壤养分含量呈显著正相关（r＝0.596*，r＝0.587*，r＝0.570*）；典型相关分析表明，土壤有机质和pH对笃斯越橘叶片矿质元素含量具有重要影响，尤其土壤pH对叶片P、Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu含量影响较大，其含量随土壤pH的升高均可能呈现降低趋势；而根系矿质元素主要受土壤pH、P、Ca、Mg影响，尤其土壤全Mg对根系Ca、Mg、Fe含量影响较大。【结论】大兴安岭4种典型立地类型中的笃斯越橘植株均呈现高N、K、Mn，低P、Mg的营养特性；根系集中分布层的土壤养分总体呈现高有机质、高N、高Fe、低P的特点；提高土壤有机质、N、Fe含量并配合调节土壤pH，是笃斯越橘栽培管理的重点。 |
| 关键词: 笃斯越橘 叶片矿质元素 根系矿质元素 土壤养分 |
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| 基金项目:北京林业大学科学技术研究项目（2015 01） |
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| Nutritional characteristics in leaf,root and root soil of Vaccinium uliginosumin the Greater Xing’an Mountains |
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BAI Yongchao,HOU Zhixia,WANG Chong,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study analyzed the mineral nutrient characteristics of leaf and root as well as soil in root centralized layer to determine the relationship of soil nutrient with Vaccinium uliginosum nutrition. 【Method】The V.uliginosum planted in meadow bog with soil layer,meadow bog without soil layer,meadow bog in valley, and mountain land in the Greater Xing’an Mountains were selected. The multivariate statistical analysis method was used to study the relationship between N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,and Cu in leaf and root of V.uliginosum and organic matter,total N,total P,total K,total Ca,total Mg,total Fe,total Mn,total Cu,hydrolyzable N,available P,available K and pH of soil. 【Result】(1) There were significant differences in soil nutrients among different V.uliginosum site types in the Greater Xing’an Mountains (P＜0.05).Site type had great impacts on contents of N,P and K in leaf and less impacts on contents of Ca and Mg in leaf and contents of mineral elements in root. The contents of root layer soil nutrients had effects on their contents in plants. (2) Correlation analysis of mineral elements showed that leaf N had extremely significantly positive correlation with leaf K (r＝0.751**), leaf Mn had extremely significantly positive correlation with Cu (r＝0.834**),and leaf Mn had significantly positive correlation with leaf N and Fe (r＝0.586* and 0.566*). Simple correlation analysis showed complex correlation between nutrients in soil and plants. Contents of leaf N,root N and root Fe had significantly positive correlation with soil contents (r＝0.596*,r＝0.587*,and r＝0.570*).The canonical correlation analysis obtained that organic matter and pH of soil had important effects on contents in leaf.Especially,soil pH had large impacts on contents of P,Fe,Mg,Mn,and Cu in leaf,and they all decreased with the increase of soil pH.Soil pH,P,Ca,and Mg had large impacts on element contents in root,especially the impacts of soil Mg on contents of Ca,Mg,and Fe in root.【Conclusion】The V.uliginosum plants in the four site types of the Greater Xing’an Mountains had high N,K,and Mn,low P,Mg,and the soil in root centralized layer had high organic matter and N,low Fe,P.The key technical strategy for soil management of V.uliginosum is to improve organic matter,N and K in soil and adjust pH. |
| Key words: Vaccinium uliginosum L. leaf mineral elements root mineral elements soil nutrient |
