| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明贵州柿地方品种果实和品质生长发育动态，鉴选优良柿地方品种。【方法】以惠水盘柿等9个贵州地方柿品种为材料，分析其果实外观（单果质量、可食率、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、果实形状、果皮颜色）和内在品质（可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、糖酸比、维生素C、总单宁、缩合单宁和可溶性单宁含量），参照《柿种质资源描述规范和数据标准》，利用“合理满意度”方法，对贵州柿地方品种进行优选与评价；并以惠水盘柿为例，研究果实发育过程中各指标的动态变化。【结果】(1)贵州柿地方品种外观类型多样，单果质量较大，水城牛心柿、水城磨盘柿、兴义磨盘柿和关岭盘柿单果质量都在200 g以上，达到特级果标准；惠水盘柿为一级果。(2)贵州柿地方品种内在品质优良，岑巩糯柿的可溶性固形物和可溶性总糖含量最高，分别为23.54%和11.51%，适合用作加工柿饼。脱涩后，各柿果的可滴定酸、维生素C、总单宁、可溶性单宁含量均下降，可溶性总糖、缩合单宁、可溶性固形物含量均上升。(3)惠水盘柿、兴义磨盘柿、岑巩糯柿、水城牛心柿和关岭盘柿的“合理满意度”均高于0.56，属于表现优异的类型。(4)惠水盘柿的果实纵径、果实横径与单果质量生长发育动态呈“双S”曲线，具有同步增长的趋势；维生素C含量呈现先升高后下降的趋势；可溶性总糖含量随果实的生长而增加；总单宁含量呈不断下降趋势；缩合单宁含量则不断上升。【结论】惠水盘柿、兴义磨盘柿、岑巩糯柿、水城牛心柿和关岭盘柿为贵州优良地方柿品种；惠水盘柿的果实发育呈现双“S”型曲线，其最佳采收期为花谢后140 d。 |
| 关键词: 柿 贵州 地方品种 果实品质 发育动态 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:贵州省高层次创新人才项目‘百层次’［黔科合人才(2016)4038］ |
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| Fruit quality and development dynamics of local persimmon cultivars in Guizhou |
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HAN Zhencheng,PAN Xuejun,AN Huaming,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored fruit quality and dynamic growth of local persimmon varieties in Guizhou to screen good persimmon germplasm resources.【Method】The fruit appearance(FM,ER,FL,FW,SI,FS and FSC) and intrinsic(SSC,TSS,TA,Sugar/acid,Vc,TST,CT and SJ) quality of 9 local persimmon cultivars were analyzed,according to the Descriptors and Data Standard for Persimmon (Diospyros spp.).Taking Huishui Panshi as an example,the change of each index during fruit development was also studied.【Result】(1) Local persimmon varieties in Guizhou had large FM.Shuicheng Niuxinshi FM was 272 g,while that of Shuicheng Mopanshi,Xingyi Mopanshi and Guanling Panshi plate persimmon were above 200 g,reaching the levels of premium class,Huishui Panshi reached first class.(2) Guizhou persimmon varieties had good inherent quality.Cengong Nuoshi had the highest SSC and TSS of 23.54% and 11.51%.After bitter removal,contents of TA,VC,TST,and ST decreased,while contents of TSS,CT,and SSC increased.(3) Reasonable satisfaction degrees of Huishui Panshi,Xingyi Mopanshi,Cengong Nuoshi,Shuicheng Niuxinshi and Guanling Panshi were higher than 0.56,belonging to excellent types.(4) FL,FW and FM growth dynamics of Huishui Panshi showed double “S” curve with synchronous growth.VC firstly increased and then decreased while TSS increased gradually.【Conclusion】Excellent persimmon varieties in Guizhou included Huishui Panshi,Xingyi Mopanshi,Cengong Nuoshi,Shuicheng Niuxinshi and Guanling Panshi. Huishui Panshi had double “S” growth curve and 140 days after anthesis was the best harvested time. |
| Key words: persimmon Guizhou local persimmon cultivars fruit quality dynamic changes |
