| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究西藏低温环境下放线菌的组成及其抑菌效果和酶活性，为放线菌新药物先导化合物和高活性酶的筛选提供资源。【方法】从西藏低温地区采集16份土样，用平板稀释法分离放线菌，经形态学和培养特征初步鉴定后得到有代表性的低温放线菌，对这些代表性菌株的16S rRNA基因序列进行系统发育分析，对其进行鉴定；采用菌丝生长速率法测定代表性低温放线菌菌株发酵液对11种农作物真菌的抑菌活性，并对其纤维素酶、蛋白酶、淀粉酶等活性进行测定。【结果】从16份土样中共分离到22株有代表性的低温放线菌，其在10～25 ℃均能生长。16S rRNA基因序列分析表明，这22株菌分布于放线菌门放线菌纲2个亚目3个科的3个属，即链霉菌亚目(Streptomycineae)链霉菌科(Streptomycetaceae)链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、假诺卡氏亚目(Pseudonocardineae)束丝放线菌科(Actinosynnemataceae)伦茨氏菌属(Lentzea)和假诺卡氏亚目(Pseudonocardineae)假诺卡氏菌科（Pseudonocardiaceae）拟无支酸菌属（Amycolatopsis）,其中以链霉菌属最多，占分离菌的91%。在分离的22株代表性低温放线菌菌株中，27.3%的菌株有抑菌活性；40.9%的菌株具有纤维素酶活性，22.7%的菌株具有淀粉酶活性，18.2%的菌株具有蛋白酶活性。【结论】西藏低温生境中蕴藏着丰富的低温放线菌资源，其中一些菌株具有拮抗活性和酶活性。 |
| 关键词: 低温放线菌 16S-rRNA 生物活性 多样性 西藏 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31260005）；西藏农牧学院研究生创新计划项目（YJS2015-02） |
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| Biological activity and diversity of psychrophilic actinomycetes in Tibet |
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YIN Mingyuan,HE Jianqing,ZHANG Gejie
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study investigated the composition,antibacterial effects and enzyme activities of psychrotophilic actinomycetes in Tibet to provide resources for lead compounds of new drugs and enzymes with high activities.【Method】A total of 16 soil samples were collected from low temperature region in Tibet and the actinomycetes were isolated by plate dilution method.Representative psychrotophilic actinomycetes were identified by morphological and cultural characteristics,and were analyzed and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence. Antifungal activities of the representative strains were measured by growth rate method,and cellulase,protease and amylase activities were determined.【Result】A total of 22 strains of psychrotophilic actinomycetes were isolated from 16 soil samples.They can grow at the temperature of 10-25 ℃.The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the 22 isolates belonged to 3 subfamilies of three genera including Streptomyces of Streptomycineae and Streptomycetaceae,Lentzea of Pseudonocardineae and Actinosynnemataceae,and Amycolatopsis of Pseudonocardineae and Pseudonocardiaceae.Most of which Streptomyces,accounting for 91% of the isolated psychrophilic actinomycetes.Among the 22 isolates,40.9% had cellulase activity,22.7% had amylase activity,18.2% had protease activity,and 27.3% had antifungal activity.【Conclusion】Tibet low-temperature habitat had rich low temperature actinomycetes resources,and some of them had antagonistic and enzyme activities. |
| Key words: psychrophilic actinomycete 16S rRNA biological diversity biological activity Tibet |
