| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨不同砾石覆盖量对农田土壤水分动态变化以及冬小麦生长和产量的影响。【方法】设置不同的砾石覆盖量（0,2,4,6和8 kg/m2）处理，通过连续2年大田试验，探讨不同覆盖量对土壤水分动态变化和冬小麦生长发育及产量的影响。【结果】随覆盖量的增加农田0~100 cm土层土壤贮水量增大，砾石覆盖对土壤水分的影响呈先增加后减小趋势；冬小麦苗期8 kg/m2（S8）砾石覆盖量0~100 cm土层土壤贮水量较对照增加10.09%和11.92%（P<0.05），灌浆期差异不显著，成熟期增加8.87%和9.08%（P<0.05）。冬小麦生长过程中，地上部干物质量和叶面积均呈现先增加后减小趋势，分别在灌浆和拔节时期达峰值，灌浆期砾石覆盖量8 kg/m2处理地上部的干物质量较对照分别增加35.03%和18.17%，拔节期砾石覆盖量8 kg/m2处理叶面积指数较对照分别增加10.79%和10.00%。随覆盖量的增加，冬小麦生育期呈现缩短趋势，其中砾石覆盖量8 kg/m2处理比其他处理缩短了1~5 d。2013-2014年和2014-2015年冬小麦籽粒产量分别较CK高1.98%~12.13%和2.06%~15.34%，且随覆盖量增大冬小麦产量呈增加趋势。【结论】本试验条件下，8 kg/m2砾石覆盖量效果最佳。 |
| 关键词: 砾石覆盖 冬小麦 土壤贮水量 生长发育 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家高技术研究发展‘863’计划项目（SS2013AA100904）；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项(QN2009087) |
|
| Effect of gravel mulching on soil moisture,growth and yield of winter wheat |
|
LIU Xiaoqing,FENG Hao,WANG Donglin,et al
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Effects of different gravel mulching treatments (0,2,4,6,and 8 kg/m2) on soil moisture dynamics as well as growth and yield of winter wheat were investigated.【Method】Based on 2 years(2013-2015)field experiment,the effects of gravel mulching treatments on soil moisture dynamics and winter wheat growth and yield were investigated.【Result】With the increase of gravel covering amount,the water storage capacity in soil layer of 0-100 cm was increased and the effects of on soil water content increased first before decreasing.When the amount of gravel mulching was 8 kg/m2 (S8),water storage capacity in soil layer of 0-100 cm was significantly increased by 10.09% and 11.92% at seedling stage (P<0.05),changed slightly at grouting period,and increased greatly by 8.87% and 9.08% at mature period (P<0.05).Dry matter weight and leaf area of winter wheat increased firstly before decreasing,and they reached peak values at filling period and growth period,respectively.Dry matter weight of S8 increased by 35.03% and 18.17% at filling stage,and leaf area were increased by 10.79% and 10.00% at jointing period.With the increase of gravel covering amount, the growth period of winter wheat was gradually shortened and S8 treatment was 1-5 d shorter than other treatments.The yield of winter wheat was increased by 1.98%-12.13% and 2.06%-5.34% in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015,respectively.【Conclusion】The treatment of 8 kg/m2 was suggested based on this study. |
| Key words: gravel mulching winter wheat soil water storage growth |
