| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同葡萄采收时间对山西乡宁地区赤霞珠葡萄以及葡萄酒品质的影响，为当地酿酒葡萄赤霞珠最佳采收时间的确定提供依据。【方法】以2010年6次不同时间(09-16，09-21，09-26，09-30，10-06，10-15)采收的赤霞珠葡萄果实及其酿造的葡萄酒为研究对象，测定并比较其基本理化指标（含糖量、含酸量等）、酚类物质（总花色苷、总类黄酮等）含量以及抗氧化能力（DPPH、羟自由基清除力等），最后利用主成分分析法对所测定的指标进行综合评价。【结果】不同采收期对山西乡宁赤霞珠葡萄及葡萄酒各项品质指标有较显著的影响。赤霞珠葡萄及葡萄酒中的总酚、总类黄酮和总黄烷-3-醇均以09 16采收果实最高，随后均呈现先降低后增高的趋势；而葡萄中的总花色苷虽然也以09-16采收果实最高，但在酒样中却以10-15采收时最高，这说明葡萄酒中花色苷的离子化程度随着采样日期的推移逐渐增强。不同采收期葡萄与葡萄酒抗氧化能力的变化趋势相对比较复杂，09-16采收果实酿制葡萄酒中的DPPH清除力(TEAC)、铜离子还原力(CUPRAC)和铁氰化钾还原力(PFRP)均呈现出最高水平，同时葡萄中的PFRP和羟自由基清除力(SCHR)也达到最强；葡萄的TEAC和金属螯合力(MCC)以09-26采收果实最强，CUPRAC则以10-15采收果实最强，酒样的SCHR则以09-21采收时最强。将所测得的各项指标利用SPSS软件进行综合评价，其中09-16采收葡萄及其酿造葡萄酒中的酚类物质和抗氧化能力的综合得分均达到最高。【结论】山西乡宁地区赤霞珠葡萄的最佳采收期在09 16前后。 |
| 关键词: 赤霞珠 采收期 酚类物质 抗氧化能力 山西乡宁 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B006)；农业部948项目 (2014-Z20)；国家现代农业(葡萄)产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-30-2p-04)；陕西省重大农技推广服务试点项目（2016PT)；杨凌示范区农业科技示范推广基地项目；渭南地区葡萄产业重大农技推广服务与示范项目 |
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| Optimal harvest time of Cabernet Sauvignon grape in Xiangning,Shanxi |
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TU Tingyao,MENG Jiangfei,WEI Xiaofeng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of different harvest dates on quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine in Xiangning,Shanxi were investigated to obtain the optimal harvest time of local Cabernet Sauvignon grapes.【Method】Grape berries harvested on six different dates (09-16,09-21,09-26,09-30,10-06,and 10-15) in 2010 and the corresponding wines were obtained and their physical and chemical quality (sugar content,acid content,etc.),phenolic contents (total contents of anthocyanin and flavonoids,etc.) and anti oxidant capacity (scavenging capacities of DPPH and ·OH,etc.) were determined and compared.At last,the obtained indexes were comprehensively assessed by principal component analysis.【Result】Harvest time had great effects on quality indicators of grapes and corresponding wines.The Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries and wines obtained on 09-16 had the highest total polyphenols,flavonoids and flavan-3-ols.They had the trend of increasing firstly before decreasing for other dates.The total anthocyanin in grape berries got the highest on 09-16,while that in wines got the highest on 10-15,indicating that the ionization degree of anthocyanin gradually increased as the delay of harvest time.The anti-oxidant capacities in grape berries and wines were relatively complex.In the wines obtained on 09-16,the scavenging capacities of DPPH (TEAC),cupric reducing ant oxidant power (CUPRAC) and potassium ferricyanide reducing power (PFRP) reached the highest level,while the grape berries had the highest PFRP and scavenging capacity of hydroxyl radicals (SCHR).The grape berries harvested on 09-26 had the strongest TEAC and metal chelating capacity (MCC),while grape berries on 10-15 had the largest CUPRAC.The SCHR of wines made from 09-21 grapes was the highest.Based on comprehensive evaluation results,phenolic content and anti oxidant capacity of grapes harvested on 09-16 and the corresponding wines got the highest comprehensive score.【Conclusion】The optimal harvest time of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes in Xiangning,Shanxi is around 09-16. |
| Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon grape harvest time phenols composition antioxidant activity Xiang-ning,Shanxi |
