| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对青海省诺木洪河流域地下水水化学特征及演化规律进行研究，为合理开发和保护该地区地下水提供指导。【方法】采集诺木洪河流域具有代表性的水样58个，测定水样中的Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3－、Cl－、SO42－、CO32－、矿化度等指标，在此基础上，运用Piper 三线图图示法和离子比例系数法,系统研究了地下水水化学的空间分布特征与演化规律。【结果】①由南而北，研究区地下水水化学特征呈环带状分布，主要从HCO3·SO4·Cl-Na·Mg·Ca、HCO3·Cl-Mg·Na型向SO4·Cl-Na 、Cl-Na型演化转变，矿化度由小于1 g/L增至10 g/L以上。②溶滤作用、蒸发浓缩作用、阳离子交换作用是控制研究区地下水水化学演化的主要水化学作用，沿地下水径流方向，主要发生了石盐、石膏和长石的溶解反应、方解石和白云石的沉淀反应及Ca-Na 阳离子交换反应。【结论】诺木洪河流域地下水水化学特征受水循环特征影响，戈壁滩与冲洪积平原区地下水水化学类型以HCO3·Cl-Na·Mg为主，矿化度小于1 g/L，为淡水；冲湖积平原区地下水水化学类型以Cl-Na为主，矿化度大于1 g/L，为咸水甚至卤水。 |
| 关键词: 地下水 水化学特征 演化规律 诺木洪河流域 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“柴达木盆地循环经济试验区1∶5万水文地质调查”(1212011220974) |
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| Hydrochemistry characteristics and evolution of groundwater in Nomhon River Basin in Qinghai |
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YANG Bingchao,LI Xiaodeng,ZHANG Ge,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Hydrochemistry characteristics and evolution of groundwater in Nuomuhong River Basin were studied to provide guidance for reasonable application and protection of groundwater.【Method】Fifty-eight water samples were collected from the basin and Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3－,Cl－,SO42－,CO32－,and salinity were measured.The spatial variation of the hydrochemistry characteristics and evolution of groundwater were studied based on piper diagram and ratio coefficients of main ions.【Result】① From south to north,the hydrochemistry characteristics of groundwater were distributed in ring zones.The species changed gradually from HCO3·SO4·Cl-Na·Mg·Ca,HCO3·Cl-Na·Mg to SO4·Cl-Na and Cl-Na.Salinity increased from less than 1 g/L to more than 10 g/L.② The hydrochemistry processes were mainly controlled by lixiviation,evaporation and ion exchange.Along the direction of groundwater,precipitation between calcite and dolomite,dissolution of gypsum,plagioclase and potassium feldspar,and cation exchange between Ca2+ and Na+ were observed.【Conclusion】The hydrochemistry characteristics of groundwater were affected by water cycle in this area.HCO3·Cl-Na·Mg was the main hydrochemistry type in Gobi and alluvial plain with salinity of less than 1 g/L.Cl-Na was the main hydrochemistry type in lake plain with salinity of more than 1 g/L. |
| Key words: groundwater hydrochemistry characteristics evolution law Nomuhong River Basin |
