| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究春季不同叶色鹅耳枥叶片生理生化特性及各生理指标与叶色变化的关系。【方法】 以春季展叶期红叶和对照绿叶的鹅耳枥(Carpinus turczaninowii)植株为试材，通过测定叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷、可溶性糖含量及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性，研究叶片生理指标的变化动态并比较2种叶色植株叶片转色的差异性；通过相关分析探究各生理指标间的相关关系，明确其与叶色变化的关系。【结果】 与红叶植株相比，绿叶鹅耳枥植株积累的花色素苷相对含量较少，但叶绿素含量积累相对较多，叶片呈现绿色；可溶性糖含量呈平稳的先上升后下降的变化趋势，变化幅度较小。2种叶色鹅耳枥PAL、POD酶活性变化趋势较为一致，均呈下降趋势，但红叶植株下降幅度较快，与花色素苷的变化动态相似。2种植株花色素苷与叶绿素含量均呈显著负相关，花色素苷含量占色素比例较大时，叶片呈红色；反之叶绿素占优势，叶片呈绿色。花色素苷含量与PAL、POD活性均呈显著相关，与可溶性糖呈不显著相关。【结论】 鹅耳枥叶色变化最直接的原因在于叶片色素成分和比例的差异，PAL、POD、可溶性糖含量均是影响花色素苷生物合成及叶片显现红色的重要因素，园林栽培中可通过提高相关酶活性和内含物含量延长鹅耳枥春季的叶色观赏期。 |
| 关键词: 鹅耳枥 叶色 花色素苷 酶 可溶性糖 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省科技支撑计划项目（BE2012345）；江苏省工程技术研究中心建设项目（BM2013478）；江苏省六大人才高峰项目（NY-029）；江苏省“青蓝工程”资助项目（2012）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（PAPD） |
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| Physiological and biochemical characteristics of Carpinus turczaninowii leaves with different colors in spring |
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WU Yufan,YU Ping,ZHU Zunling
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study investigated physiological and biochemical characteristics of Carpinus turczaninowii leaves with different colors in spring and the relationships between physiological indexes and leaf colors.【Method】Carpinus turczaninowii plants with two different colors were selected in spring to investigate the changes in physiological indexes and the differences in color changing by determining contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid,anthocyanin,and soluble sugar as well as activities of PAL and POD.Correlations between physiological indexes were also analyzed to understand their relationships with change of leaf color.【Result】Compared to red-leaf plants,green ones accumulated less anthocyanin but much more chlorophyll,which resulted in green leaves.Soluble sugar showed a trend of steady rise and fall with smaller magnitude than chlorophyll.Both plants had consistent decreasing trend in PAL and POD activities,but red ones had a faster decline similar to anthocyanin.The contents of anthocyanin had extremely significant and negative correlation with chlorophyll.The leaf color turned red when anthocyanin was dominant whereas leaf turned green when chlorophyll was dominant.Anthocyanin had extremely significant correlation with PAL and POD,but had insignificant correlation with soluble sugar.【Conclusion】The change of leaf color was determined by the composition and proportion of pigments.PAL and POD activities and sugar contents were important factors affecting the accumulation of anthocyanin and red color of leaves.Enhancing activities of related enzymes and increasing contents of different compositions could extend the viewing period. |
| Key words: Carpinus turczaninowii leaf color pigment enzyme soluble sugar |
