| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究跨季节分期播种对杂交水稻结实性的影响，为杂交稻的避旱节水栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以20个四川盆地宜栽杂交中籼稻组合为材料，设置6个播期（Ⅰ.4月10日；Ⅱ.4月20日；Ⅲ.4月30日；Ⅳ.5月10日；Ⅴ.5月20日；Ⅵ.5月30日）处理，分析播期对杂交稻结实性的影响及不同品种结实性对播期反应的差异。【结果】1）3个结实性指标在播期、品种及其互作间的差异均达到了极显著水平，其中结实率和充实度受播期的影响较大，而千粒质量受品种的影响较大。2）3个结实性指标随播期推迟均呈现先上升后下降的趋势，在第Ⅲ期达到最大值，其后随播期的推迟各结实性指标值显著降低，主要是中势粒、弱势粒的结实率及弱势粒的千粒质量和充实度降低幅度较大。3）将杂交中籼稻播期由3月底至4月上旬推迟到4月下旬是可行的，结实性不会受到影响，供试品种都能满足此要求。若要将播期推迟到5月中下旬，则需要选择宜香优2115、德香4103、Ⅱ优498、川香8108和Ⅱ优H103等对播期反应迟钝的品种。【结论】在适期播种的基础上注意品种的配套，可达到水稻高产的目的。 |
| 关键词: 杂交稻 分期播种 结实性 四川盆地 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重大项目（2013BAD07B13） |
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| Effects of sowing date on seed setting characteristics of hybrid rice varieties in Sichuan |
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WU Xia,TAO Shi-shun,ZHONG Yun,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study investigated the effect of late planting on seed setting characteristics of hybrid rice varieties in Sichuan to improve their drought avoidance and water saving cultivation.【Method】Twenty indica rice varieties were planted at 6 sowing dates （Ⅰ.04-10;Ⅱ.04-20;Ⅲ.04-30;Ⅳ.05-10;Ⅴ.05-20;and Ⅵ.05-30）.The effect of late planting on seed setting characteristics of different varieties was analyzed.【Result】1)The differences in seed setting characteristics of rice varieties between different sowing dates, varieties and their interactions were highly significant. Seed setting rate and grain plumpness were greatly influenced by sowing date and 1 000-grain weight was strongly influenced by variety.2) All the three seed setting characteristics presented a downward trend after the initial increase as the delay of sowing date.They reached the maximum at phase Ⅲ before significant reduction.The seed setting rates of middle-level and weak-level seeds as well as 1 000-grain weight and grain plumpness of weak-level seeds decreased the most.3) The delay of sowing date to late April was feasible to indica hybrid rice.All varieties tested can satisfy this requirement.If the sowing date was delayed to middle or late of May,Yixiangyou 2115,Dexiang 4103,Ⅱ You 498,Chuanxiang 8108,and Ⅱ You H103 should be chosen.【Conclusion】In order to guarantee the yield of rice,appropriate sowing date and suitable varieties should be selected. |
| Key words: hybrid rice sowing date seed setting characteristics Sichuan Basin |
