引用本文:
【打印本页】   【下载PDF全文】   查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器  关闭
←前一篇|后一篇→ 过刊浏览    高级检索
本文已被:浏览 2548次   下载 0 本文二维码信息
码上扫一扫!
分享到: 微信 更多
不同氮肥用量配施有机肥对渭北旱塬冬小麦水分利用的影响
金忠宇1,2, 翟丙年1,2, 于昕阳,等1,2
1.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院;2.农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室
摘要:
【目的】研究施用氮肥时配施有机肥对渭北旱塬土壤含水量及冬小麦生长的影响,寻求适合该地区的合理的施肥方式,以提高水分利用效率。【方法】2011-2013年在位于渭北旱塬的陕西白水县,采用大田试验研究不同施氮水平(0,75,150,225,300 kg/hm2)下施用有机肥对0~200 cm土层土壤含水量、贮水量及冬小麦产量、水分利用效率、生理指标等的影响。【结果】1)各施氮水平下配施有机肥均有利于耕层土壤保水,在增加小麦产量的同时也加剧了0~200 cm土层水分的消耗。2)夏闲期降水量限制了小麦对土壤水分的利用深度,140 cm以上土层土壤含水量随着施氮水平的提高而增大。3)各施氮水平下配施有机肥的小麦拔节期叶片瞬时和潜在水分利用效率更高,在施氮水平为150 kg/hm2时均最高。4)各施氮水平下配施有机肥时小麦扬花期植株各器官含水量均较高,以施氮水平为225 kg/hm2时最高。【结论】综合考虑产量及环境风险,建议渭北旱塬地区冬小麦种植过程中配施有机肥时施氮量以150 kg/hm2为宜。
关键词:  旱地  冬小麦  有机肥  氮肥  水分利用
DOI:
分类号:
基金项目:国家小麦现代产业技术体系建设专项(Z225020803);国家科教支撑计划项目(2015BAD23B04);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503124);农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队培养计划项目
Effect of organic manure application combined with nitrogen fertilizer at different rates on water utilization of winter wheat in Weibei Dryland
JIN Zhong-yu,ZHAI Bing-nian,YU Xin-yang,et al
Abstract:
【Objective】This research investigated the influence of organic manure and nitrogen fertilizer on winter wheat production in Weibei Dryland to a reasonable fertilization way for the improvement of water utilization efficiency.【Method】From 2011 to 2013,an experiment was carried out in Baishui,Shaanxi on Weibei Dryland to investigate the effect of combination of nitrogen fertilizer at different rates (0,75,150,225,and 300 kg/hm2)with organic manure on water content in the soil depth of 0-200 cm,water storage,and yield,water use efficiency and physiological indicators of winter wheat.【Result】1) The organic manure was beneficial to topsoil for retaining water,it increased winter wheat yield and decreased water consumption in the soil depth of 0-200 cm.2) Precipitation in summer fallow period limited the water use by wheat plants in deep soil layer.The water content above the 140 cm increased as the increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate.3) The leaf water use efficiency and intrinsic water use efficiency in jointing stage of wheat with organic manure were high with the maximum when 150 kg/hm2 N was used.4) The water contents of various wheat organs at flowering stage were improved by using organic manure with the maximum level when 225 kg/hm2 N was used. 【Conclusion】Considering the yield and environmental risks,the nitrogen fertilizer rate of 150 kg/hm2 N was suggested in combination with organic manure in Weibei Dryland.
Key words:  dryland  winter wheat  organic manure  nitrogen  water utilization