| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究改进变化范围法(Range of Variability Approach,RVA) 中各水文指标对生态环境的响应程度，以有效避免RVA在评价河流整体水文情势时容易忽略低度、中度改变指标的不足，为河流生态系统的管理决策提供参考。【方法】基于改进的RVA算法充分考虑了5类33个水文指标与生态系统之间的响应程度，并将层次分析法（主观赋权法）与熵权法（客观赋权法）相结合赋予各指标生态权重，集结并累加各指标综合生态权重与单个水文指标改变度，综合评价河流水文情势的整体改变度。以渭河关中段为例，依据林家村、咸阳、华县水文站1960－2010年的日径流资料，借助Mann Kendall非参数检验方法诊断径流序列突变点，采用RVA法计算单个水文指标的改变度，利用改进的RVA法对渭河关中段水文情势的整体改变度进行评价。【结果】利用未改进的RVA方法计算得到渭河关中段林家村、咸阳、华县控制断面的整体改变度分别为75%，69%，67%，均属于高度改变；而用改进RVA算法计算得到的林家村、咸阳控制断面的整体改变度分别为51%，40%，属于中度改变，华县控制断面的整体改变度为29%，属于低度改变。对比两种不同评价结果并进行合理性分析可知，基于改进RVA方法的评价结果更加贴近河道所提供的整体信息和指标改变度的分布特征，符合客观实际。【结论】通过赋予各水文指标生态权重，综合考虑各水文指标与生态系统之间的响应程度，能有效融合33个水文指标在评价河流整体改变度时的内涵，研究成果更加客观且符合实际。 |
| 关键词: 河流 径流序列突变 改进RVA法 水文情势评价 渭河关中段 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51179149）；教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目（NCET-10-0933）；教育厅重点实验室科学研究项目（13JS069）；陕西省科技创新团队项目（2012KCT-10） |
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| Application of improved RVA method in assessment of river hydrological regime |
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LI Yun-yun,CHANG Jian-xia,LEI Jiang-qun
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This paper proposed a more accurate reference on the basis of RVA to diagnose the influence degree by analyzing the response relationship between hydrological index and river ecosystem.This would help to avoid the problem caused by ignoring low and middle changing indicators in range of variability approach (RVA) when evaluating the overall changing degree of river hydrological alteration.【Method】The improved RVA took the response between hydrologic index and ecological system into consideration,endowed each index with ecologic weight by binging analytic hierarchy process (subjective weighting method) and entropy method (objective weighting method),and integrated and cumulated the hydrological weight with each index to access the overall changing degree of river hydrological alteration.Then taking the Weihe Guangzhong section as example,the daily flow data from 1960 to 2010 at Linjiacun,Xianyang,and Huaxian hydrological stations were analyzed.The Mann Kendall non parametric test method was also used to diagnose the abrupt changing points,based on which the runoff series was divided into two periods representing the pre impact and post-impact periods,respectively.The changing degree of each index was analyzed by RVA and the overall changing degree of hydrologic regime was evaluated by the improved RVA.【Result】The overall changing degrees calculated by original method at Linjiacun,Xianyang,and Huaxian were 75%,69%,and 67%,belonging to high change.While the changing degrees calculated by improved RVA at Linjiacun,Xianyang,and Huaxian were 51% (medium change),40% (medium change),and 29% (low change).The improved evaluation results were closer to the overall information provided by the river and the distribution characteristics of index changing degree through rationality analysis.【Conclusion】The 33 hydrological indexes can accurately and objectively evaluate the river hydrological regime by giving each index weight to consider the response degree between index and ecological system. |
| Key words: river runoff series mutation improve RVA method hydrological regime evaluation Weihe Guanzhong section |
