| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨水分和肥料对有机基质袋培番茄产量及品质的影响，为有机基质袋培番茄的高产优质生产提供技术支撑。【方法】在日光温室条件下，以番茄品种“金鹏1号”为试材，设置低肥36 029 mg（LF）、中肥 51 470 mg（AF）、高肥66 911 mg（HF）3种单株施肥量水平和低水量84 L（LW）、中水量120 L（AW）、高水量156 L（HW）3种单株灌水量水平，将二者耦合为9个处理（LFLW、LFAW、LFHW、AFLW、AFAW、AFHW、HFLW、HFAW及HFHW），并以常规土壤栽培作为对照（CK），研究水肥耦合对有机基质袋培番茄产量和品质的影响，同时基于主成分分析对水肥耦合不同处理进行了多目标综合评价。【结果】袋培番茄的产量随着水肥施用量的升高而增加；在相同水分条件下，番茄果实中的硝酸盐、可溶性蛋白和可滴定酸含量随着肥料用量的升高而增加，而Vc、番茄红素、还原糖以及可溶性糖含量却呈现先增加后减少的变化趋势；在相同肥料用量下，随着基质含水量的增加，番茄果实中的硝酸盐、Vc、可溶性蛋白、还原糖以及可溶性糖含量逐渐降低，表现为“稀释效应”，番茄红素含量则在中水处理下较高；基于番茄产量和品质指标的主成分分析结果显示，品质因子、产量因子及蛋白质因子包含了所有产量和品质信息的93.254 0%，其在不同水肥耦合水平上因子得分的变化趋势与方差分析结果基本相符，能更加直观和科学地对不同水肥耦合水平下的栽培效果作出评价。【结论】中肥（5 1470 mg）中水（120 L）处理的综合得分值最高，可以作为有机基质袋培番茄的最佳水肥配比。 |
| 关键词: 有机基质 水肥耦合 番茄 主成分分析 日光温室 |
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| 基金项目:国家“863”高技术研究与发展计划项目（2011AA100504）；国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD29B01）；西安市科技计划项目（NC1213-3） |
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| Effect of water and fertilizer coupling on yield and quality of tomato cultivated with organic substrate in bag |
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WANG Peng-bo,LI Jian-ming,DING Juan-juan,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study explored the effect of water and fertilizer coupling on yield and quality of tomato cultivated with organic substrate in bag to provide technical support for high yield and high-quality production of tomato.【Method】In sunlight greenhouse,three levels of fertilizer and water were set:low fertilizer (LF,36 029 mg),average fertilizer (AF,51 470 mg）,high fertilizer (HF,66 911 mg),low water (LW,84 L),average water (AW,120 L）,and high water (HW,156 L).The tomato variety ‘Jinpeng 1’ was planted to investigate the effect of water and fertilizer coupling on yield and quality tomato cultivated with organic substrate in bag.Multiple objective assessment was also conducted using principal component analysis.【Result】The yield of tomato cultivated with organic substrate increased as the increase of water and fertilizer.With the same water levels,the contents of NO3--N,soluble protein and titratable acid in tomato fruits increased as the increase of fertilize,but the contents of Vc,Lycopene,reducing sugar and soluble sugar decreased after initial increase.With the same fertility levels,the contents of NO3--N,Vc,soluble protein,reducing sugar and soluble sugar gradually reduced as the increase of substrate moisture.Lycopene content was the highest in AW treatment.Principal component analysis showed that the quality factor,yield factor and protein factor accounted for 93.254 0% of the original information,and the change trend of main principal component scores for different treatments of water and fertilizer conformed with variance analysis,which can be more scientifically used to evaluate the effect of water and fertilizer coupling.【Conclusion】Comprehensive score of AF（5 1470 mg）AW（120 L） was the optimum for tomato cultivated with organic substrate in bag. |
| Key words: organic substrate water and fertilizer coupling tomato principal component analysis sunlight greenhouse |
