| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同处理方法对不同品种芸豆营养成分含量和蛋白提取率的影响。【方法】分别制备8个品种芸豆（YD04-01～YD04-08）的脱脂、脱皮和脱皮脱脂粉，以不进行处理的全粉为对照，测定不同芸豆粉水分、灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、碳水化合物的含量，比较不同处理方法对8个品种芸豆粉营养成分含量及蛋白提取率的影响。【结果】与芸豆全粉的营养成分相比，脱脂和脱皮处理都能使芸豆粉水分含量降低，脱皮处理的影响更大；脱脂和脱皮处理均能使芸豆粉碳水化合物和粗蛋白含量显著增加，脱脂处理对碳水化合物含量的影响更大，脱皮处理对粗蛋白含量的影响更大；脱脂处理使芸豆粉灰分含量显著增加，脱皮处理使灰分含量显著降低。脱皮脱脂处理后，芸豆粉中水分含量显著降低，粗蛋白、灰分和碳水化合物的含量均提高。不同品种芸豆营养成分含量存在一定差异，其中，YD04-04水分含量最低，灰分和碳水化合物含量较高；YD04-07粗脂肪含量最高；YD04-08粗蛋白含量最高。与全粉和脱脂粉相比，脱皮及脱皮脱脂处理后芸豆粉蛋白提取率显著提高；与脱脂处理相比，脱皮处理对芸豆蛋白提取率的影响更大。不同品种芸豆粉蛋白提取率存在一定差异，为55.47%～58.63%。【结论】与芸豆全粉和脱脂粉相比，脱皮及脱皮脱脂处理能显著增加芸豆粗蛋白含量及蛋白提取率，水分和灰分含量显著降低，脱皮及脱皮脱脂处理是芸豆蛋白提取的最佳前处理方法。 |
| 关键词: 芸豆 脱脂粉 脱皮粉 蛋白质提取率 |
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| 基金项目:农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903007）；陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目（2014K01-28） |
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| Influence of defatting and dehulling on nutritional ingredients and protein extraction rate of kidney beans |
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LIANG Shan,GAO Xiao-li,GAO Jin-feng,et al
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Influence of different treatments on nutritional ingredients and protein extraction rate of kidney beans was studied.【Method】Dehulling (DH),defatting (DF) and combined DH and DF (B) were conducted on 8 kidney beans (YD04-01-YD04-08) and full flour (F) was used as control.The contents of water,ash,fat,crude protein,and carbohydrate,as well as protein extraction rate were measured and compared.【Result】In contrast to nutritional ingredients of F,the contents of water decreased while contents of carbohydrate and crude protein increased significantly in groups DH and DF.In group B,content of water decreased,whereas contents of crude protein,ash and carbohydrate increased significantly.Nutritional ingredients of different kidney beans were different.The lowest content of water was in YD04-04,whereas contents of ash and carbohydrate were the highest.Content of crude fat was the highest in YD04-07,and YD04-08 had the highest content of crude protein.Comparing to DH and DF,B improved the protein extraction rate significantly by 29.00%.In addition,DH was more important than DF.【Conclusion】In contrast to F and DF,DH and B increased the content of crude protein,decreased the contents of water and ash,and improved protein extraction rate more significantly.Thus,DH and F were the best pretreatments to extract protein. |
| Key words: kidney bean defatted powder dehulced powerder nutritional ingredient |
